1、Designation:D731512Standard Test Method forDetermination of Turbidity Above 1 Turbidity Unit(TU)inStatic Mode1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7315;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the static determination ofturbidity in water.Static refers to a sample that is removedfrom its source a
3、nd tested in an isolated instrument.(SeeSection 4.)1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement ofturbidities greater than 1.0 turbidity unit(TU).The upper endof the measurement range was left undefined because differenttechnologies described in this test method can cover verydifferent rang
4、es.The round robin study covered the range of04000 turbidity units because instrument verification in thisrange can typically be covered by standards that can beconsistently reproduced.1.3 Many of the turbidity units and instrument designscovered in this test method are numerically equivalent incali
5、bration when a common calibration standard is appliedacross those designs listed in Table 1.Measurement of acommon calibration standard of a defined value will alsoproduce equivalent results across these technologies.1.3.1 In this test method calibration standards are oftendefined in NTU values,but
6、the other assigned turbidity units,such as those in Table 1 are equivalent.For example,a 1 NTUformazin standard is also a 1 FNU,a 1 FAU,a 1 BU,and soforth.1.4 This test method does not purport to cover all availabletechnologies for high-level turbidity measurement.1.5 This test method was tested on
7、different natural watersand wastewater,and with standards that will serve as surro-gates to samples.It is the users responsibility to ensure thevalidity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.1.6 Depending on the constituents within a high-levelsample,the proposed sample preparation and
8、 measurementmethods may or may not be applicable.Those samples with thehighest particle densities typically prove to be the most difficultto measure.In these cases,and alternative measurementmethod such as the process monitoring method can be consid-ered.1.7 This standard does not purport to address
9、 all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Refer to the MSDSsfor all chemicals used in this procedure.2.Re
10、ferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1889 Test Method for Turbidity of Water(Withdrawn2007)3D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias ofApplicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD4411 Guide for Sampling Flu
11、vial Sediment in MotionD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water AnalysisD6855 Test Method for Determination of Turbidity Below 5NTU in Static ModeE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 Ot
12、her Referenced Standards:USEPA Method 180.1 Methods for Chemical Analysis ofWater and Wastes,Turbidity4ISO 7027 Water QualityDetermination of Turbidity5United States Geological Survey(USGS)National Field1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct respo
13、nsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flow.Current edition approved June 1,2012.Published June 2012.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7315 07A.DOI:10.1520/D7315-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.ast
14、m.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from United States Environmental
15、 Protection Association(EPA),Ariel Rios Bldg.,1200 Pennsylvania Ave.,NW,Washington,DC 20460,http:/www.epa.gov.5Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1 rue deVaremb,Case postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor
16、 Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Manual for the Collection of Water Quality Data63.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod refer to Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 turbidity,nAn expression of the optical properties ofa sample that causes light rays to be scattered and absorbedrather than transmitted in straight lines through the sample.3.2.1.1 Discussionturbidity of water is caused by t
