1、Designation:D685013Standard Guide forQC of Screening Methods in Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6850;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicat
2、es the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This guide covers general considerations for the QualityControl practices for use with screening methods for organicand inorganic constituents in water.Methods are pro
3、vided byvarious standard setting bodies,governmental agencies,as wellas many domestic and international manufacturers.1.2 This guide provides general QC procedures that areapplicable to a broad range of screening methodologies.Theseprocedures help to ensure the quality of data that is generated.Addi
4、tional,method-specific or project specific requirementsmay be necessary.This guide also includes general consider-ations regarding proper utilization of screening methods.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 Th
5、is standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.
6、1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody ProceduresD5172 Guide for Documenting the Standard Operating Pro-cedures Used for the Analysis of WaterD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water AnalysisD59
7、05 Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Wastewater3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D1129 and Practice D5847.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 action level,na concentration of the analyte ofconcern at which some
8、further action is required or suggested.3.2.2 batch,na set(group)of samples analyzed alongwith QC samples;the quality of the sample-sets results isindicated by the results from the QC samples.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe number of samples in the batch isdefined by the task group responsible for the method.
9、SeePractice D5847 for definition and discussion of batch and batchsize.3.2.3 false negative,na negative response for a samplethat contains the target analyte(s)at or above the stated actionlevel.3.2.4 false positive,na positive response for a sample thatcontains the target analyte(s)below the stated
10、 action level.3.2.5 qualitative method,na validated method that detectspresence or absence of an analyte at a specified screening limit.3.2.6 screening limit,nthe concentration of analyte thatcan be determined with a given certainty.3.2.6.1 DiscussionThe task group responsible for themethod establis
11、hes the value of the screening limit.3.2.7 screening method,na method that is used to separateor categorize samples.3.2.7.1 DiscussionAn example would be a method thatprovides results that would be used to separate samples into:(1)those that contain an analyte and(2)those that do notcontain and anal
12、yte above or below a specified action level.3.2.8 semi-quantitative method Type 1,na method whoseresults are given in specified,discreet concentration ranges.3.2.8.1 DiscussionTwo types of examples of this methodwould include semi-quantitative immunoassays or test strips.The cutoff concentration of
13、the ranges has been predefined.3.2.9 semi-quantitative method Type 2,na method whoseresults are reported as a single number along with the stateduncertainty.3.2.9.1 DiscussionThe uncertainty will be reported as(standard deviation of x at a concentration of y).The values ofx and y can be established
14、from the Initial Demonstration ofPerformance study.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents inWater.Current edition approved Aug.1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last p
15、revious edition approved in 2008 as D6850 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/D6850-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM we
16、bsite.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Significance and Use4.1 Screening methods are often used to determine thepresence or absence of a specific analyte,groups of analytes,classes of compounds or other indicators of chemical com-pounds in order to determine if further analysis or action isnecessary.The determination whether to proceed with furtheraction
