1、Designation:D829319Standard Guide forEvaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty ofRadiochemical Measurements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8293;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last re
2、vision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides concepts,terminology,symbols,and recommendations for the evaluation and expression of theuncertainty of radioc
3、hemical measurements of water and otherenvironmental media by testing laboratories.It applies tomeasurements of radionuclide activities,including grossactivities,regardless of whether they involve chemical prepa-ration of the samples.1.2 This guide does not provide a complete tutorial onmeasurement
4、uncertainty.Interested readers should refer to thedocuments listed in Section 2 and References for moreinformation.See,for example,GUM,QUAM,Taylor andKuyatt(1)2,and Chapter 19 of MARLAP(2).1.3 The system of units for this guide is not specified.Dimensional quantities in the guide are presented only
5、asillustrations of calculation methods.The examples are notbinding on products or test methods treated.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,a
6、nd environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International
7、 Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD7902 Terminology for Radiochemical AnalysesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM
8、 Test MethodsE288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric FlasksE438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory ApparatusE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and PrecisionMass St
9、andardsE898 Practice for Calibration of Non-Automatic WeighingInstrumentsE969 Specification for Glass Volumetric(Transfer)PipetsE1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-dersE2655 Guide for Reporting Uncertainty of Test Results andUse of the Term Measurement Uncertainty in ASTM TestMe
10、thods2.2 ANSI Standards:4ANSI N42.23 Measurement and Associated InstrumentationQuality Assurance for Radioassay Laboratories2.3 BIPM Documents:GUM:JCGM 100:2008 Evaluation of measurement dataGuide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement5JCGM101:2008 EvaluationofmeasurementdataSupplement 1 to
11、 the“Guide to the expression of uncer-tainty in measurement”Propagation of distributions us-ing a Monte Carlo method6JCGM102:2011 EvaluationofmeasurementdataSupplement 2 to the“Guide to the expression of uncer-tainty in measurement”Extension to any number ofquantities71This guide is under the jurisd
12、iction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of RadiochemicalAnalysis.Current edition approved Nov.15,2019.Published December 2020.DOI:10.1520/D8293-19.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis st
13、andard.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI)
14、,25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf,accessed June 2018.6Available from www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_101_2008_E.pdf,accessed June 2018.7Available from www.bipm.org/utils/common/docu
15、ments/jcgm/JCGM_102_2011_E.pdf,accessed June 2018.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decis
16、ion on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1JCGM 200:2008 International vocabulary of metrologyBasic and general concepts and associated terms(VIM)82.4 OIML Documents:OIML D 28:2004(E)Conventional value of the result ofweighing in air92.5 Eurachem Guides:QUAM QuantifyingUncertaintyinAnalyticalMeasurement,Eurachem/CITAC Guide CG 4,Third edi-tion103.Terminology3.1 Defini
