1、Designation:D603496(Reapproved 2010)1Standard Test Method(Analytical Procedure)forDetermining the Efficiency of a Production Well in aConfined Aquifer from a Constant Rate Pumping Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6034;the number immediately following the designation indicate
2、s the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEA units statement was added editorially in August 2010.1.Sc
3、ope1.1 This test method describes an analytical procedure fordetermining the hydraulic efficiency of a production well in aconfined aquifer.It involves comparing the actual drawdown inthe well to the theoretical minimum drawdown achievable andis based upon data and aquifer coefficients obtained from
4、 aconstant rate pumping test.1.2 This analytical procedure is used in conjunction with thefield procedure,Test Method D4050.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard,except as noted below.The values given inparentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units,whichare p
5、rovided for information only and are not consideredstandard.1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is usedwhen dealing with inch-pound units.In this system,the pound(lbf)represents a unit of force(weight),while the unit for massis slugs.1.4 LimitationsThe limitations of the technique for
6、 deter-mination of well efficiency are related primarily to the corre-spondence between the field situation and the simplifyingassumption of this test method.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of
7、this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD4050 Test Method for(Field Procedure)for Withdrawaland Inje
8、ction Well Testing for Determining HydraulicProperties of Aquifer SystemsD5521 Guide for Development of Groundwater MonitoringWells in Granular Aquifers3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,see Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard
9、:3.2.1 aquifer,confined,nan aquifer bounded above andbelow by confining beds and in which the static head is abovethe top of the aquifer.3.2.2 confining bed,na hydrogeologic unit of less perme-able material bounding one or more aquifers.3.2.3 control well,na well by which the head and flow inthe aqu
10、ifer is changed,for example,by pumping,injection,orimposing a constant change of head.3.2.4 drawdown,nvertical distance the static head islowered due to the removal of water.3.2.5 hydraulic conductivity,n(field aquifer test)the vol-ume of water at the existing kinematic viscosity that will movein a
11、unit time under a unit hydraulic gradient through a unitarea measured at right angles to the direction flow.3.2.6 observation well,na well open to all or part of anaquifer.3.2.7 piezometer,na device so constructed and sealed asto measure hydraulic head at a point in the subsurface.3.2.8 storage coef
12、fcient,nthe volume of water an aquiferreleases from or takes into storage per unit surface area of theaquifer per unit change in head.3.2.9 transmissivity,nthe volume of water at the existingkinematic viscosity that will move in a unit time under a unithydraulic gradient through a unit width of the
13、aquifer.3.2.10 well effciency,nthe ratio,usually expressed as apercentage,of the measured drawdown inside the control well1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater andVadose Zone Investigati
14、ons.Current edition approved Aug.1,2010.Published September 2010.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D603496(2004).DOI:10.1520/D6034-96R10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Ann
15、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 divided into the theoretical drawdown which would occur inthe aquifer just outsid
16、e the borehole if there were no drillingdamage,that is,no reduction in the natural permeability of thesediments in the vicinity of the borehole.3.3 Symbols:3.3.1 Symbols and Dimensions:3.3.2 Khydraulic conductivity LT1.3.3.2.1 DiscussionThe use of the symbol K for the termhydraulic conductivity is the predominant usage in groundwa-ter literature by hydrogeologists,whereas the symbol k iscommonly used for this term in soil and rock mechanics andsoil science.3.3.3 Krhydraulic conductivity in the p
