1、Designation:D640999(Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forColor Tests with Sheepskin Skiver1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6409;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers making color tests of all types ofvegetable tanning extracts and of vegetable tanning materialsto determine the color imparted
3、 to tanned skins.1.2 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The inch-pound units given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this sta
4、ndard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1517 Terminology Relating to LeatherD4901 Practice for Preparation of Solution of Liquid Veg-etable Tannin ExtractsD4905 Prac
5、tice for Preparation of Solution of Solid,Pastyand Powdered Vegetable Tannin ExtractsD6405 Practice for Extraction of Tannins from Raw andSpent Materials2.2 ALCA Methods:A40 Color Tests with Sheepskin Skiver33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of general leather and tanning termsused
6、in this practice refer to Terminology D1517.3.1.2 pickled skivera sheepskin skiver that has been pick-led in a solution of salt and sulfuric acid.3.1.3 sheepskin skiverthe grain split of a de-wooledsheepskin.A pickled skiver is used for this test.3.1.4 tanninan astringent substance found in the vari
7、ousparts of plants such as bark,wood,leaves,nuts,fruits,roots,etc.3.1.5 vegetable tanninsmixtures of substances(naturalproducts)obtained from plant tissues by water extractionwhich have the chemical and physical properties necessary toconvert animal hides and skins into leather.4.Summary of Practice
8、4.1 A specimen of pickled skiver is tanned with a sample ofvegetable tanning liquor in order to determine the color whichwill be imparted to a clear,clean hide or skin that is tannedwith this tanning liquor.5.Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides a standard procedure for compar-ing the colo
9、r of leather tanned with different tanning extracts ormixtures of extracts or for monitoring the color consistency oftannery liquors.6.Apparatus and Reagents6.1 Pickled Sheepskin Skiver,specially and consistentlyselected for the color test.6.2 Borax,commercial grade such as may be used in atannery.6
10、.3 Containers,10 and 3 L capacity and made of suitablematerial to be resistant to the chemicals and materials used inthe tanning procedure employed by this practice.6.4 Acetic Acid,glacial,commercial grade.6.5 Sodium Acetate,crystal,commercial grade.6.6 Sodium Chloride,crystal,commercial grade.6.7 S
11、hake Bottles,0.95 L(32 oz),with rubber stoppers.Thebottles shall be approximately 21.6 cm(8.5 in.)overall heightand 8.9 cm(3.5 in.)diameter.One quart canning jars(Mason-type)with plastic screw-on lids work well.6.8 Shaking Machine,rotating type,equipped to hold 0.95 L(32 oz)bottles for end-over-end
12、agitation of hide powder and1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.01 on Vegetable Leather.This testmethod has been adapted from and is a replacement for Method A40 of the OfficialMethods of the American Leather Ch
13、emists Association.Current edition approved Nov.1,2014.Published December 2014.Originallyapproved in 1999.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D6409 99(2009).DOI:10.1520/D6409-99R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm
14、.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Official Methods of the American Leather Chemists Association.Availablefrom the American Leather Chemists Association,University of Cincinnati,P.O.Box 210014,Cincinnati,OH 45221-
15、0014.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 analytical solution.The speed of rotation shall be 606 2 rpm,and the machine shall be so constructed that the side of theshake bottle adjacent to the rotating shaft shall be not less th
16、an5.1 cm(2 in.)nor more than 7.6 cm(3 in.)from the center ofthe shaft.6.9 Flat Dish,250 to 300 mL capacity;a photographic trayworks well.6.10 Rubber Roller,photographic print roller works well.7.Test Specimen7.1 The specimen shall consist of a liquor of four timesanalytical strength,prepared in a manner similar to the prepa-ration of solutions for analysis(Practices D6405,D4901,orD4905).The volume shall be 400 mLfor Method I(9.2)or 250mL for Method II(9.3).8.Preparation of Skiver8.1 The neck and
