1、Designation:D592996(Reapproved 2009)Standard Test Method forDetermining Biodegradability of Materials Exposed toMunicipal Solid Waste Composting Conditions by CompostRespirometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5929;the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the biodegradation properties ofa m
3、aterial by reproducibly exposing materials to conditionstypical of municipal solid waste(MSW)composting.A mate-rial is composted under controlled conditions using a syntheticcompost matrix and determining the acclimation time,cumu-lative oxygen uptake,cumulative carbon dioxide production,and percent
4、 of theoretical biodegradation over the period of thetest.This test method does not establish the suitability of thecomposted product for any use.1.2 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are tobe regarded separately as the standard.The values given inparentheses are for information only
5、.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Docu
6、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D513 Test Methods for Total and Dissolved Carbon Dioxidein WaterD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterD2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter inWater by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography2.2 APHA-AWWA-WEF Standard Methods:2540G T
7、otal,Fixed,and Volatile Solids in Solid and Semi-solid Samples33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms applying to this testmethod appear in Terminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acclimation time,nthe time required for the oxygenuptake to reach 10%of the
8、 total measured cumulative oxygenuptake.43.2.2 oxygen uptake,nthe cumulative oxygen consumedby the organisms during the test.3.2.3 theoretical carbon dioxide production(ThCDP),nthe maximum carbon dioxide that can be produced by amaterial as calculated by the carbon content of the material.3.2.4 theo
9、retical oxygen uptake(ThOU),n the maximumoxygen consumption required to fully oxidize a material basedon the elemental content of the material.3.2.5 virgin newsprintnonprinted newspaper roll stock.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of the following:4.1.1 The samples are prepared b
10、y cutting or forming thematerial into the form it would most likely be seen in the wastestream.A theoretical maximum carbon dioxide production andoxygen uptake are determined from an elemental analysis.4.1.2 An inoculum is obtained from a municipal MSW oryard waste compost facility.It is procured fr
11、om a static pilethat has been composting for at least two months.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,Recovery and Reuse.Current edition approved Sept.1,2009.Published November 2009.O
12、riginallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5929-96(2004).DOI:10.1520/D5929-96R09.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards
13、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Public Health Assoc.,1015 15th Street,NW,Washington,DC 20005,Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and WasteWater,18th ed.,1992.4Tabak,Henry H.and Lewis,Ronald F.,CEC/OECD Ring Test of RespirationMethod for Determination of Bi
14、odegradability,U.S.Environmental ProtectionAgency,pp.13.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.1.3 The synthetic MSW is prepared from virgin newsprint,pine bark or wood chips,corn starch,corn oil,bovine casein,and urea.A buffer
15、/dilution water is prepared from magnesium,calcium,iron and a phosphate buffer.4.1.4 The test material,synthetic compost,inoculum,anddilution water are combined and placed in a highly insulatedreactor which monitors oxygen consumption and temperatureand captures all evolved carbon dioxide.4.1.5 The
16、system is monitored,and oxygen uptake rates,temperature profiles,and total carbon dioxide produced arerecorded.4.1.6 The total oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide producedare compared with the theoretical values obtained from theelemental analysis,and a percent of biodegradation is gener-ated.Possible negative effects of the material are evaluated byobserving the acclimation time of the synthetic MSW andevaluating the oxygen uptake rate.5.Significance and Use5.1 As the crisis in solid waste continu
