1、ASTM D 6450-991METOI OIPEIEJIEHI TEMIEPATYPbI BCIbILLIKB AIIIIAPATE C IIOCTOIHHO 3AKPLITLIM TIIJIEM(CCCFP)HacTomH MeToA H3IaH non HKcHpOBaHHLIM 0603Ha4eHHeM D 6450;unco,HenocpeICTBeHHO cenyomee 3a 0603HaueHeM,yKa3LIBaer ro nepBOHauaIbHOToupHHATHA HIM,B cyuae nepecMorpa,ron nocIenHero nepecMorpa.HcIo
2、 B cKo6KaxyKa3tIBaer ro nocenHero nepeyTBepIeH.3Ha4oK 3nCHJIoH(8)yKa3LIBaeT Ha pe-aKTopckoe H3MeHeHHe co BpeMeHH nocIeHero nepecMoTpa HIM nepeyTBepneHA.1 OBJIACTL IPMEHEHMA1.1 HacTomu MeTon onpeeneHuA TeMnepaTypLI BCHLIHIIKH aBIeTCA AHHaMH-eCKHM MeTooM H 3aBHCHt oT 3aaHHLIX cKopoCTe noBLeH TeMnepaTy
3、pL.OH aBIeTcH onHM H3 MHorHx MeTonoB onpeneIeHn TeMnepaTypLI BCILIIIKH,3peKTHBHLIM H oeHb yBCTBHTeJILHLIM 3MIIHpH4eCKHM MeTOIOM.IpHMeaHne 1.BeHHHI TeMnepaTypLI BCHLIIKH He ABJIIOTCA HOCTOHHLIMQH3HKO-XHMH4eCKHM CBOMCTBOM HCHLITyeMLIX MaTepHaIoB.OHH ABIOTCH 中yHKuM-el KoHcTpyKunn annapara,ycnoBui ero u
4、pHMeHeHHs H npHMeHeMoro MeTona Hc-nLITaHH Ha ToM annapaTe.CHeIOBaTeILHO TeMnepaTypa BCHLIHIKH MOKeT OLITLonpeneneHa ToIbKo c noMoIIbIo KaKoro-IH6o MeToa uCLITaHng H He MoKeT Koppe-IHpoBaTbca c pe3yJIbTaTaMH,HonyeHHbIMH pyrHMH MeToaMH HcbITaH HIH HaHCIbITaTeILHOM 6opyoBaHHH,OTIHuaoIHMC oT yCTaHOBJIeH
5、HLIX.1.2 HacTomn MeTon HcHLITaHn ycTaHaBHBaeT onpeneneHe TeMnepaTypLIBCHIIKH HIKHX TOIHB,cMa30qHbIX Mecan,pacTBopuTenel n apyrux HnKocTe BIOCTOHHO 3aKpLITOM THrIe.H3MepeHHe BLIOnHIOT Ha HCHLITyeMOM o6pa3ue B KOnHecTBe OT 1 MJI.1.3 HacToam MeTon HcHO3yeT 3aKpLITL,HO HerepMeTH3HPOBaHHLI TH-reL,ocHameH
6、HLI nonae Bo3nyxa B HCHLITaTeILHyIo KaMepy.1.4 HacTomu MeTon npHroneH I HcHLITyeMLIX o6pa3oB c TeMnepaTypoiBCHLIHIKH OT 10 O 250 C.IpHMeqaHne 2.OnpeneneHH TeMnepaTyp BcLIIKn He 10 C H BLue 250C MoryT 6bITL BLIoHeHb;OHaKo TouHOCTL I HHX He openenaacL.TEXHECK KCMT,Hacrom MeTon HaxonTca non lopcnuKuuei
7、 KoMuTeTa ASTM.D.2 ourpph h.08 no(HcnapeMOcTH.Tekymee H3naHne ono6peHo 10 aBrycra 1999 r.HeraHe Tonnug,seoeOny6nHKoBaHo B oKTa6pe 1999 r.cMasohbie MatepnanLtyHpH Toccraapre PcceASTM D 6450-9921.5 Ecn cneuHKaun HnonL3oBaTeng Tpe6yer onpeneneHHe TeMnepaTypLIBCHbIIIIKH apyrHM,OTIH4HbIM oT HacToauero,Me
8、TooM,To Oe3 corJacHa Toro,KTococTaBnan ceumoHKauIo,a TaKke 6e3 nony4eHn cpaBHnTenbHbIX aHHbIX no 060-HM MeToaM HeIb3a 3aMeHaTb HH MeTo pyrHM.1.6 BeHHHLI,BLIPaXCHHIC B eAHHHuaX CH,BITCA CTaHnaPTHLIMH.TCM-nepaTypLI npeIcTaBIeHLI B rpanycax leLcH,aBIeHe-B Knno-nacKanaX.3Hae-H B cKooKax aHI TOIbKo HHopm
9、an.1.7 HacToH cTaHnapT He cTaBT uen pacCMoTpeTL Bce BonpoCLi 6e3onac-HOCTH,CBa3aHHbIe c ero HCHOL3oBaHHeM.lOL3oBaTenL HacTomero cTaHapTa oT-BeTCTBeHeH 3a ycTaHoBJIeHHe cooTBeTCTByIOII(HX Mep 6e3oacHOCTH H OXpaHLI 3IOpO-BL,a Takke ycTaHoBIeHe nepen ero HcHoL3oBaHHeM npHeMIeMbIx orpaHn4eHu.O cneuHaLHL
10、IX nOOKeHHx 6e3onaCHOCTH CM.pHMeaHe 6.2 HOPMATBHLIE IOKYMEHTLI2.1 CTaHIapTLI ASTM:D 4057 PyKoBoncTBo no pyqHoMy or6opy npo6 HeTH H HerenponyKTon 2.D 4177 PyKoBonCTBo no aBToMaTHuecKoMy oT6opy HeTH n HedTenponyKToB 2.E 300 PyKOBOnCTBO no oT6opy nPOMIILIeHHLIX XHMHKaTOB.2.2 CTaHapTI ISO4:PyKOBOICTBO I
11、SO 34 no cHcTeMaM Ka4eCTBa poH3BOICTBa 3TaJIOHHLIX Ma-TepHaIOB.PyKOBONCTBO ISO 35 CepTHHKaTLI 3TaIOHHLIX MaTepHaoB-O6mne H cTaTH-CTHqeckne npHHHbI.3 TEPMHLI3.1 OnpeneneH:3.1.1 TeMnepaTypa BcLIIKn-caMa H3Ka TeMnepaTypa,cKoppeKTHPOBaHHaK naBneHIo 101,3 KIla,np KoTopo noHeceHne ncTo4HnKa 3aMTaHHA BLI3b
12、IBaeTMOMeHTaILHOe BO3ropaHMe napoB HCIbITyeMoro oOpa3ua B 3aaHHbIX yCIoBMX HC-nbITaH.3.1.1.1 Oc6yxneHue.Ina uene HacTomero MeTona npennonaraeTcA,uTo c-IbITyeMb o6pa3en BcHLIXHBaeT,Korna ropauee naMA BOCaMCHHBIHXCA napoBBLI3LIBaeT MTHOBeHHoe BO3pacTaHne aBIeHA He MeHee eM Ha 20 KIla BHyTpn H3-MepHTeb
13、HO 3aKpITo KaMepLI3.2 EeroHL c6opHHK cTaHnapToB ASTM,T.05.02.3 EeroHI c6opHHK cTaHapToB ASTM,T.15.05.4 HaxoAHTCA B HHCTHTyre amepHKaHcKHX HaHOHaLHLIX cTaHaproB,11W 42 street,13t Floor,New York,NY 1001-1.Meron onpeneneHH TeMnepaTypLI BCHLHKH nyTeM MOHHTOpHHra MrHOBeHHoTO poCTa IaBe-HH 3ameH naTeHToM.
14、3aHHTepecoBaHHLIM IHaM npearaeTc npeICTaBHTL Ha paCCMOT-peHne HHopMauHIo,Heo6xonHMyIo an HneHTHHKaunH aLTepHaTHBLI(S)HacToameMy 3ana-TeHTOBaHHOMy MeTony B rnaBHoM OHce ASTM.BaH KoMeHTapHH 6ynyT TIaTeLHO pac-CMOTpeHLI Ha coBemaHnH cooTBeTcTByIomero TexHHueckoro KoMHTeTa,Ha KoTOpoM Bbi MOe-Te npHcyTcT
15、BOBaTb.ASTM D 6450-9933.2 OnpeneneHna cneunonyecKHx TepMHHOB HacTosiero cTaHnapTa:3.2.1 IHHaMHyeckn-ycJoBHe,npH KOTopoM napbI Han HcnblTyeMbIM o6pa3LoMH HcnbITyeMbIn o6pa3el He HaxonTca B TeMneparypHoM paBHoBecHH B MoMeHT npH-MeHeHHa HCTOYHHKa 3akHraHHg.4 CYILHOCTL METOHA4.1 Kpbllky HcnbITaTeJbHon K
16、amepbI HarpeBaroT o TeMnepaTypbI He MeHee yeMHa 18 C HnKe oxnnaemoi TemnepaTypbI BcnblluKn.B THreJb Is o6pa3ua BHOCST1t0,1 MI HcnbITyemoro o6pa3ua,y6e HBlcb B TOM,YTO H HCIbITyeMbIn oopa3eu nTHreb HaxonaTca npH TemnepaType He MeHee yeM Ha 18 C HuKe oxnnaemon TeM-nepaTypbI BCnbIIIKH,eCJH Heo6xonHMO H
17、cIoNb3yFOT oxnaxkneHHe.THreb 3aTeM nOmHHMarOT H npHKHMaIOT K Kpblllke onpeneneHHbIX pa3MepoB,YTO6bI 06pa3oBaTb nOCTOAHHO 3akpbITyio,HO HerepMeTH3HpoBaHHyro KaMepy c 06-IHMo6bMoM4,0士0,2MI.4.2 Ilocne 3akpbITHa HcnbITaTebHo KamepbI TeMnepaTypy ncnbITyemoro 06-pa3ua n KpbILKn npHBOLAT K paBHOBeCHo C TOY
18、HOCTbIO 1 C.3aTeM KpbILIky Harpe-BalOT c 3aaHHoH NOCTOSHHO CKOPOCTbIO.BHyTpH HcnbITarebHoi KamepbI yepe3 onpereneHHble HHTepBanbI pa3pakaeTca3JeKTpouyra onpereneHHo CHJbI.Iocne Kaxknoro BocnnaMeHeHHa B HCILITaTen-Hylo KaMepy BBOAAT 1,5+0,5 MII Bo3yxa,4TO6bI o6ecne HTb Heo6xonumoe konmue-CTBO KHcJopo
19、na a cenyromero HcnbITaHHa no onpeeneHHro TeMnepatypbIBCIBIIIIKH.HaBneHHe BHyTpH HCnbITaTenbHo KamepbI nOCTOSHHO 3akpbiToi,Ho HerepMeTn-3HpoBaHHoH,ocTaerca npn oapomeTpHyecKoM HaBneHHH oKpyKarowen cpenbl 3a Hc-KHOYeHHeM Toro KopoTkoro KpemeHH,Korna nonaerca Bo3yx H npoHcxoTBcnbImKa.4.3 Iocne Kaxknor
20、o nyroBoro pa3pana BHyTpH HcnbITaTeJbHoi Kamepbl nkcn-pyeTca MoMeHTaJbHbIN pocT aBJeHn no cpaBHeHnrO c 6apoMeTpnyecKHM aBneHH-eM okpyaromen cpenbI.Korna pocT naBneHna npeBbnmaeT onepeneneHHbIn nopor,Temneparypy B 3ToTouKe 3anncbIBarOT KaK HeoTkoppeKTHpoBaHHyro TeMnepatypy BCIbILIKH.5 3HAYEHME M TIPV
21、MEHEHME5.1 TemnepaTypa BCnbIlKn aBJeTca OAHHM H3 noKa3aTenei CKOHHOCTH HCIbI-TyeMoro o6pa3La oopa3oBbIBaTb BocnJaMeHaroLyroca cMecb c Bo3LyXoM B KOHTpo-JHpyeMbIX JaoopaTopHbIX yCoBHax.OTo TONbKO OIHO H3 pana cBoHcTB,KoTopoe IOKHO 6bITb paccMoTpeHo npnoueHke orHeonacHocTH MaTepnana.5.2 TemnepaTypy Bc
22、nbILKH Hcnob3yIOT npH cyoBbIX nepeBo3kax H ycTaHoB-JeHHH Mep oe3onacHocTH,YTOObI onpeneJnTb orHeonacHocTb n roproyecTb Marepna-JIOB H KJaccHoHuupoBaTb HX.O6pailarOT BHHMaHHe Ha KOHKpeTHbIe npaBnJa,BKJIOYaeMbIe I TOYHbIX onpe-neneHnH KaccHoHKaunn.ASTM D 6450-9945.3 HacTo MeTon HcHLITaH MoeT 6LITL HCH
23、ONL3OBaH n H3MepeHH HXapaKTepHCTHKH cBOicTB MaTepHaIoB OTHOCHTeIbHO 4yBCTBHTeIbHOCTH K HarpeBy MHcTo4HHKy 3araHn B KoHTpoHpyeMbIX naopaTopHLIX ycIoBHX,HO ero He cJne-HyeT HcHOb3oBaTL c HeIbio xapaKTepHcTHKH HIH oeHkH orHeonacHoCTH Hn puckaBo3ropaHH MaTepHaJIoB B ycJoBHAx conpHKOCHOBeHHA c OTKPbITLIM
24、 OrHeM.OHaKo pe3yILTaTbi HacTomero MeTona HcHbITaHnA MoryT ObITb HCHOb3OBaHbIKaK cocTaBHble yactH oueHkH pHcKa Bo3ropaHHg,KoTopa npHHHMaet B pacyeT BceaKTopLI,KoTopble oTHOCTC K oueHKe orHeonacHOCTH KOHKpeTHoTO cyua.5.4 TeMnepaTypa BcIbIIIKH TaKke MOKeT yKa3biBaTL Ha BO3MOHbIe npHcyTCT-BH BbICoKo.Ie
25、Ty4HX H BOcIaMeHOIHXca MaTepHaJIoB H B OTHOCHTeIbHO HeleTy-eM I HeBocJaMeHIomeMc MaTepae TaKoM,KaK 3arp3HeHHe CMa304HbIX Ma-ce He6bIHMH KOHecTBaMH IH3eIbHoro ToIBa HI eH3HHa.6 AIIAPATYPA6.1 AnnapaT A onpeneneHH TeMnepaTypLI BCHLIIIKH B nOCTOHHO 3aKPLITOMTHre.THn annapaTa,npHroHoro I HCHoL3oBaH B Hac
26、ToeM MeTOne HCHbITa-HnA,mpenycMaTpHBaeT KpLIIKy H3 TBepo naTyH,TeMnepaTypa KoTopoi perynn-pyercA 3HeKTpoHarpeBaTeneM.IBa TeMepaTypHLIX naTunKa H3MepeHnA TeMnepaTy-pI o6pa3ua H KPLIK,Ba 3eKTpoM30pOBaHHIX ThP BbICOKOBObTHOnyrn H coeIHHomaca TpyoKa MOHHTOpHHra aBIeHn H nolan Bo3nyxaBKJIIOeHLI B KpLIIIK
27、y.HcHOL3yIOT KOMIeKTHOe o6opyoBaHne an 3neKTpHecKo-To KOHTPOnA TeMnepaTypLi H o6ecHeqHBaoT HNOpoBoe cMTLIBaHe TeMnepaTypLIo6pa3ua.AnnapaT n ero Heo6xonHMbe KoMnIeKTyIomne npencTaBIeHLI Ha pcyHKaXA.1.1 nA.2.1.6.1.1 HcLITaTenLHa KaMepa.HcHLITaTenLHa Kamepa,o6pa3oBaHHa THrnem 1 o6pa3ua n KpLKo，cHa6-eHH
28、OM aTHKoM TeMnepaTyp,06mHM 06LeMOM 4,00,2 M.KoHTaKt MeKny MeTaIHuecKHMH HoBePXHOCTIMH KpbIkH thr a o6pa3uao6ecHeunBaer xopomn TenoBo KOHTaKT,HO BO BpeMA HCHbITaHnA He OJIKeHOLITb repMeTHHLIM I noepaHn aBIeHn opyaomen cpenLI BHyTpH c-nITaTeLHo KaMepLi.Heo6xoAMbe pa3Mep noKa3aHLi Ha pcyHKe A.1.2.IaBIe
29、-HHe BHyTpH H3MepHTeLHO KaMepLI BO BpeMa noLeMa TeMnepaTypLI KOHTpOnpy-FOT.HaneHoe ynnoTHeHHe o6ecHeHBaeTc yBeNHeHHeM HaBIeHHA no cPaBHeHHIOc aBneHHeM oKpyxaome cpenLi 3a cueT TeMnepaTypLI H aBIeH napoB opa3ua.Ip nnoxo rennonepenave Ha6monaeTc 6oLma pa3HHua Meny TeMnepaTypoio6pa3ua HarpeTo KpLIIKo.I
30、pH6opLI HenpepLIBHoro neicTBH THna 3aKpbrroro THrn cHenyeT 3anpaBaTL B GrabnerInstruments,A-1220 Vienna,Dr.Otto Nenrathgasse 1,Austria.ASTM D 6450-9956.1.2 Tre 06pa3ua.THreL 06pa3ua oKeH 6LITL H3roToBIeH H3 aOMHHH c noKPLITHeM HH-KeneM HIH pyroro Marepnana c TaKo Ke TennoNpOBOHOCTbIO.OH OJKeH HMeTb0
31、6mn 06LeM 4 MI H cHoco6eH BMemaTL 10,1 Mn o6pa3ua.Heo6xouMe pa3MepLIH Tpe6oBaHH K HeMy pecTaBIeHI Ha pHcyHKe A.1.2.6.1.3 IaTHK TemnepaTypI o6pa3ua.IaTqHK TeMneparypLI o6pa3ua(pHcyHoK A.1.1:Ts)nOKeH 6LITL TepMonapoi(NiCr-Ni Hn nono6Ho)u3 HepxaBeIomei cTan HaMeTpoM MM co BPeMeHeM OT-KJIHKa 3 ceKyHIL t
32、(90).OHa nonKHa 6LITL noMemeHa B o6pa3eu Ha rny6HHy He Me-Hee 2 MM H HMeTL pa3peaIomyIO cHOCO6HOCTL 0,1 C H MHHHMaJILHYIO TOHOCTb0,2 C,npenoTHTeLHo c uHPOBLIM CHTLIBaHHeM.6.1.4 MarHTHaa MeanKa.AnnapaT nonKeH 6LITL cHa6eH npHcnoco6neHHeM a nepeMemHBaHn o6pa3-ua.Bpamarom MarHT CHapyKH THrI o6pa3ua non
33、KeH nPHBOTL B B*e-HHe MarHHTHyo MeHanky,KoTopaa noMemaeTCH BHyTpH THrng ang o6pa3ua nocneBBeeHH camoro oopa3ua.MarHHTHa MemanKa OnHa HMeTL IHaMeTp 30,2 MM H IMHy 121 MM.CKo-pOCTL BPaIueHa MarHHTa OKHa 6bITL MeKny 250 H 270 06/MHH.6.1.5 lonaua Bo3nyxa.AnnapaT nonKeH HMeTL ycTpoicTBo A HeMeAeHHoM nona
34、un 1,50,5 Mn BO3-nyxa cpasy ke noce KaKnoro HcbITaH no onpeneneHMIO TeMnepaTypbI BCHLIIIK.Bo3yx onKeH BBOHTbCa KopoTKHMH HMnyIbCaMH H3 MaIeHbKoro MeMOpaH-HOrO KOMmpeccopa c noMOLIO T-06pa3Horo BnycKHoro oTBepCTHA B COeIHHHTenb-Ho Tpy6ke,Benyme K naTunKy naBeHu.6.1.6 neKTpoHarpeB H TepMo3JneKTpooxnaX
35、IeHne KpLHIKH(pHcyHoK A.1.1:PE)OKeH ObITL HCHOb3OBaH I perynupoBaHM TeMnepaTypLI HcHLITaTeLHoi Kame-pLI Ha BpeMa HcHbITaH.PeryIHpOBaHHe TeMepaTypLI nOKHO OcymeCTBJIATLC CTOHOCTbIO He MeHee 10,2 C.6.1.7.BLICOKOBOLTHL yroBo pa3pan OKeH 6LITL HCHOb3BaH 3aH-raH BocHnameHIomHXca napoB.Cuna yrn onHa 6bITL
36、 30,2 MI*(30,5 W,)Ha nyry H pHMeHaTL ee cnenyeT B HHTepBane 433 MC(MHceKyH).IpHMeuaHne 3.penynpexneHne.locKoLKy o6pa3eu,conepxauni BemecTBac Hn3Ko TeMnepaTypoM BLIKH HM HMeom TeMnepaTypy BCHLHIKn He 3a-naHHO HcXoHo TeMnepaTypLI,MoeT nepeHacLITHTL napLI BHyTPH KaMepLI H,che-IoBaTeIbHO,noMeIaTL onpeIe
37、eHHIO TeMnepaTypLI BCILIIKH B BLIOPaHHOM IHana-3oHe,KOHCTpyKuna annapaTa nonKHa BKJIouaTL B ce6a neponn4eckne 3aHraHnaKaKne 10 cHenoM 3a 3aKpLITHeM H3MepuTenLHoi KamepL H nepen TeM,KaK o6pa-3eu nocTHrHeT HcXoHO TeMepaTypLI HCHLITaHH.6.1.8 IaTHK aBIeHn AM onpeneneHng TeMnepaTypI BCHLIHIKH OJKeH 6ITLcoeHeH c coenHHTeLHo Tpy6Ko B Kpuke H HMeTL MHHHMaILHL pa6ouIHana3oH 80-177 KIla c MHHHMaLHLIm pa3pemeHneM 0,1 KIla H MHHHMaLHOM Tou-HOCTIO 0,5 KIla.
