1、Designation:D634510Standard Guide forSelection of Methods for Active,Integrative Sampling ofVolatile Organic Compounds in Air1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6345;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,t
2、he year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides assistance in the selection of activeintegrative sampling methods,in which the volatile orga
3、nicanalytes are collected from air over a period of time by drawingthe air into the sampling device,with subsequent recovery foranalysis.Where available,specific ASTM test methods andpractices are referenced.1.2 Guidance is provided for the selection of active sam-pling methods based either on colle
4、ction of an untreated airsample(whole air samples)or selective sampling using sorbentconcentration techniques that selectively concentrate compo-nents in air.Advantages and disadvantages of specific collec-tion vehicles are presented.1.3 This guide does not cover the use of cryogenicallycooled field
5、 sampling devices used in some automated analysissystems.Detailed instructions for cryogenic recovery of com-pounds captured as whole air samples or thermally desorbedfrom sorbents are typically covered in standard methods forsample analysis and are beyond the scope of this guide.1.4 Both thermal an
6、d solvent desorption techniques forsample recovery are discussed.1.5 Organic compounds are classified on the basis of vaporpressure as very volatile,volatile,semivolatile and nonvolatile.Physical characteristics of many volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are provided to aid in selection of sampling tec
7、hniquesfor VOC measurement.Semivolatile and nonvolatile organiccompounds are defined in the guide to help guide users avoidmisidentifying compounds that are not covered in this guide.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thissta
8、ndard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced
9、 Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the AmbientAtmosphereD3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Or-ganic Compound Vapors(Activated Charcoal Tube Ad-sorption Method)D3687 Practice for An
10、alysis of Organic Compound VaporsCollected by the Activated Charcoal Tube AdsorptionMethodD5197 Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde andOther Carbonyl Compounds inAir(Active Sampler Meth-odology)D5466 Test Method for Determination of Volatile OrganicChemicals in Atmospheres(Canister Samplin
11、g Methodol-ogy)D5953M Test Method for Determination of Non-MethaneOrganic Compounds(NMOC)in Ambient Air UsingCryogenic Preconcentration and Direct Flame IonizationDetection MethodD6196 Practice for Selection of Sorbents,Sampling,andThermal Desorption Analysis Procedures for Volatile Or-ganic Compoun
12、ds in Air3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guiderefer to Terminology D1356.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cryofocusthe process of concentrating compoundsfrom an air sample for subsequent analysis by collection on atrap cooled with a cryogen t
13、o very low temperatures(forexample,-186C).1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.Current edition approved April 1,2010.Published June 2010.Originallyapproved in 1998.Last previous edition approve
14、d in 2004 as D6345-98(2004)1.DOI:10.1520/D6345-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM I
15、nternational,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.1.1 DiscussionCryogenic traps used for cryofocusingare typically U-shaped stainless steel tubes filled with glassbeads or other inert material.An example of such a cryofocus-ing trap is given in Test Me
16、thod D5953M.Compounds aretypically released from cryogenic traps into the analyticalsystem by rapid heating to elevated temperatures.Sorbent-filled tubes cooled to sub-ambient temperatures(for example,-30C)have also been used for this purpose.3.2.2 very volatile organic compounds(VVOCs)Low mo-lecular weight organic compounds that possess vapor pressuresgreater than 15 kPa at 25C and boiling points typically below30C.4.Significance and Use4.1 This guide provides a broad perspective on techniquest
