1、Designation:D608597(Reapproved 2022)Standard Practice forSampling in Rubber TestingTerminology and BasicConcepts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6085;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of la
2、st revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers a standardized terminology andsome basic concepts for testing and sampling across the broadrange of chem
3、ical and physical testing operations characteristicof the rubber and carbon black manufacturing industries.1.2 In addition to the basic concepts and terminology,amodel for the test measurement process is given in Annex A1.This serves as a mathematical foundation for the terms andother testing concep
4、ts.It may also find use for further devel-opment of this practice to address more complex samplingoperations.1.3 This general topic requires a comprehensive treatmentwith a sequential or hierarchical development of terms withsubstantial background discussion.Anumber of ancillary termsare also given
5、that make for a more self-contained document.This cannot be accommodated in Terminology D1566.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and enviro
6、nmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standard
7、s,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingInd
8、ustriesD5406 Practice for RubberCalculation of Producers Pro-cess Performance Indexes3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.2 Despite the adoption of standard test methods,test resultvariation influences the data generated in all testing programs.As outlined in Annex A1,there are two main categories:(1)vari
9、ation inherent in the production process for a material orclass of objects,and(2)variation due to the measurementoperation itself.Each of these two sources may be furtherdivided into two types of variation:(1)systematic or biasvariation,and(2)random error variation.Both types can existsimultaneously
10、 for either of the main categories.3.3 Random variation can be reduced to a low level byappropriate replication and sampling procedures,but biasvariation cannot be so reduced.However,bias variation can bereduced or eliminated by comprehensive programs to sort outthe causes of such perturbations and
11、eliminate these causes.3.4 Elementary Testing Terms:3.4.1 lot,na specified mass of material or number ofobjects,generated by an identifiable process,with a recognizedcomposition or property range.3.4.1.1 DiscussionA lot is frequently generated by acommon production process in a restricted time perio
12、d andusually consists of a finite size or number.A lot may be afractional part of a population(Interpretation 2 of population).3.4.2 material,na specific entity that exists in bulk form(solid,powder,liquid).3.4.2.1 DiscussionA material may or may not be homo-geneous.Typical materials are individual
13、rubbers,compounds,accelerators,carbon blacks,etc.3.4.3 object,na discrete item or piece with a specifiedshape and size.3.4.3.1 DiscussionUsually an object is an entity that isready for testing.Atypical object is an o-ring,dumbbell,pellet,or hose assembly.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of C
14、ommittee D11 on Rubber andRubber-like Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.16 onApplication of Statistical Methods.Current edition approved June 1,2022.Published July 2022.Originally approvedin 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6085 97(2016).DOI:10.1520/D6085-
15、97R22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C7
16、00,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.13.4.4 object class(or class of objects),na number ofobjects,with a recognized property range,generated by acommon process,the objects are
