1、Designation:E270810An American National StandardStandard Terminology forPersonnel Credentialing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2708;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology defines terms related to the credential-ing of persons.These terms are offered to enable the develop-ment of future ASTM docu
3、ments relating to personnel certifi-cate and certification programs.The source document for eachdefinition is cited when an appropriate document is available.Many definitions are the product of the committee that com-piled this terminology,and as such,are the result of thecollected knowledge and exp
4、erience of the committee mem-bers.1.1.1 Since credentialing of persons is being carried out bymany different bodies in many career fields,usage of descrip-tive terms can vary.There is no attempt to include allcredentialing terms in this terminology.Rather,this terminol-ogy contains those terms most
5、commonly encountered in thecredentialing process.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coating andLining Work for Power Generation FacilitiesE1187 Terminology Relating to Conformity Assessment(Withdrawn 2006)3E1424 Test Method for Determining the Rate ofA
6、ir LeakageThrough Exterior Windows,Curtain Walls,and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure and Temperature DifferencesAcross the SpecimenE1480 Terminology of Facility Management(Building-Related)E1605 Terminology Relating to Lead in BuildingsE1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic ScienceE1986 Guide for Info
7、rmation Access Privileges to HealthInformationE2135 Terminology for Property and Asset ManagementE2159 Guide for Selection,Assignment,and Monitoring ofPersons To Be Utilized asAssessors/Auditors or TechnicalExpertsE2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation inThermal AnalysisE2659 Practice
8、for Certificate Programs2.2 Other Standards:ANSI/ISO/IEC 17011Conformity AssessmentGeneralRequirements for Accreditation Bodies Accrediting Con-formity Assessment Bodies,20044ANSI/ISO/IEC 17024 Conformity AssessmentGeneralRequirements for Bodies Operating Certification ofPersons,20034ASAE Certificat
9、ion and Accreditation Law Handbook,Sec-ond Edition,20045ISO/IEC 17000 Conformity AssessmentVocabulary andGeneral Principles,20046ICE Basic Guide to Credentialing Terminology,200673.Definitionsaccess/access to a system or schemeopportunity for anapplicant to obtain conformity assessment under the rul
10、es ofthe system or scheme.ISO/IEC 17000accommodationa reasonable modification in an assessmentinstrument or its administration made to compensate for theeffects of a qualified disability without altering the purposeof the assessment instrument.ISO/IEC 17000 and ICEaccountabilitythe responsibility of
11、 a governing board,committee,or other sponsor of a credentialing program todemonstrate the efficacy and fairness of policies,procedures,and assessment instruments to its stakeholders.ICEactsstatutes set by a governmental body.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E36 onAccred
12、itation&Certification and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE36.95 on Terminology.Current edition approved Feb.1,2010.Published March 2010.DOI:10.1520/E2708-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual B
13、ook of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.
14、ansi.org.5Available fromAmerican Society ofAssociation Executives(ASAE),1575 I St.NW,Washington,DC 20005,http:/www.asaecenter.org.6Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,Case postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.7Available from I
15、nstitute for Credentialing Excellence(ICE),2025 M Street,N.W.Suite 800 Washington,DC 20036,http:/www.credentialingexcellence.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 administrationthe process by which a person or groupoversees
16、a process governed by a specific set of rules orprocedures to ensure proper adherence to those rules orprocedures.adverse action or decisionan action or decision signifyingopposition.DISCUSSIONAdverse decisions include:(1)Refusal to accept an application,(2)Refusal to proceed with an assessment,(3)Refusal to grant a credential,(4)Any other action that impedes the attainment of a credential,and(5)Revoking a credential.adverse impacta significantly higher failure rate for candi-dates in legally pr
