1、Designation:D521593(Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forInstrumental Evaluation of Staining of Vinyl Flooring byAdhesives1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5215;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,t
2、he year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes procedures and instrumenta-tion for accurately measuring the degree of staining that
3、mayoccur in vinyl flooring as a result of its contact with adhesives.Measured color differences between vinyl flooring specimenscontacting the adhesive and not contacting the adhesive areexpressed in the CIELAB Color-Scale System.1.2 This test method provides for visual evaluation ofstaining which m
4、ay occur when vinyl flooring contacts adhe-sives.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to
5、 address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D907 Terminol
6、ogy of AdhesivesD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesE284 Terminology of AppearanceE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus ColorimetryE1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Colo
7、r bySpectrophotometry Using Bidirectional(45:0 or 0:45)GeometryG53 Practice for Operating Light-and Water-Exposure Ap-paratus(Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type)for Expo-sure of Nonmetallic Materials(Withdrawn 2000)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 chromaticity coordinates,nthe ratio of each of thet
8、ristimulus values of a psychophysical color to the sum of thetristimulus values(see Terminology E284).3.1.1.1 DiscussionChromaticity coordinates in the CIEsystem of color specification are designated by x,y,and z.3.1.2 CIE 1976 L*a*b*uniform color space,CIELAB,(1,2)4,nan approximately uniform color
9、space,that is producedby plotting in rectangular coordinates the quantities L*,a*,b*,from which the total difference between two colors may becalculated.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe abbreviation CIELAB is recom-mended.3.1.3 color difference,nas visually perceived,the magni-tude and character of the differe
10、nce between two colorsdescribed by such terms as redder,bluer,lighter,darker,grayer,or cleaner(see Terminology E284).3.1.4 color difference,nas computed,the magnitude anddirection of the difference between two psychophysical colorstimuli and their components computed from tristimulusvalues,or by chr
11、omaticity coordinates and luminance factor,by means of a specified set of color-difference equations(seeTerminology E284).3.1.5 CIELAB color difference equation,n(1,2)the totaldifference E*abbetween two colors,each given in terms of L*,a*,b*,calculated as follows:E*ab5L*21a*21b*2!12(1)3.1.5.1 Discus
12、sionThe magnitude,E*ab,gives no indi-cation of the character of the difference since it does notindicate the relative quantity and direction of the hue,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 onAdhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Constructio
13、nAdhesives.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1991.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D5215 93(2005).DOI:10.1520/D5215-93R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annu
14、al Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis test method.Copyright
15、 ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 saturation,and lightness differences.The CIELAB color dif-ferences are uniformly 1.1 times Adams-Nickerson(AN40)color differences.3.1.5.2 DiscussionThe direction of the color difference isdescribed b
16、y the magnitude and algebraic signs of the compo-nents L*,a*,b*as follows:L*5 L*12 L*0(2)a*5 a*12 a*0(3)b*5 b*12 b*0(4)where L*0,a*0,and b*0refer to the reference,and L*1,a*1,and b*1refer to the test specimen.3.1.6 directional optical measuring system,nan opticalsystem for measuring the reflecting or transmitting propertiesof specimens,in which the illuminator and receiver eachsubtend small angles at the specimen surface.3.1.7 luminance factor,nthe ratio of the luminance of aspecimen to that of
