1、Designation:D5514/D5514M18Standard Test Method forLarge-Scale Hydrostatic Puncture Testing of Geosynthetics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5514/D5514M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method evaluates the stress/time properties ofgeosynthetics by using hydrostatic pressure to compress thegeosynth
3、etic over synthetic or natural test bases consisting ofmanufactured test pyramids/cones,rocks,soil,or voids.1.2 This test method allows the user to determine therelative failure mode or points of failure for geosynthetics,orboth.1.3 This test method offers two distinct procedures:1.3.1 Procedure A i
4、ncorporates manufactured test pyramidsor cones as the base of the testing apparatus.Procedure A isintended to create comparable data between laboratories,andcan be used as a guide for routine acceptance tests for variousmaterials.1.3.2 Procedures B and C incorporate site-specific soil orother materi
5、al selected by the user as the test base of the testingapparatus.Procedures B and C are methods for geosyntheticdesign for a specific site.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalent
6、s;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this stand
7、ard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specific warning statement,see Section 6.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on st
8、andard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Grav
9、ity(Rela-tive Density)of Plastics by DisplacementD1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient TechniqueD2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils(Visual-Manual Procedures)D4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thicknessof G
10、eosyntheticsD5261 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area ofGeotextilesD5994 Test Method for Measuring Core Thickness of Tex-tured GeomembranesE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geomembranes,nair main-tained
11、at a relative humidity of 50 to 70%and a temperatureof 21 6 2 C 70 6 4 F.3.1.2 critical height(ch),nthe maximum exposed heightof a cone or pyramid that will not cause a puncture failure ofa geosynthetic at a specified hydrostatic pressure for a givenperiod of time.3.1.3 failure,nin testing geosynthe
12、tics,water or air pres-sure in the test vessel at failure of the geosynthetic.3.1.4 hydrostatic pressure,na state of stress in which allthe principal stresses are equal(and there is no shear stress),asin a liquid at rest;induced artificially by means of a gagedpressure system;the product of the unit
13、 weight of the liquidand the difference in elevation between the given point and thefree water elevation.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,refer to Terminology D4439.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsi
14、bility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomem-branes.Current edition approved Feb.1,2018.Published February 2018.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5514/D5514M 14.DOI:10.1520/D5514_D5514M-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact AST
15、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was develo
16、ped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.Significance and Use4.1 Procedure AThis procedure is an index-type testwhich can be used as a guide for acceptance of commercialshipments of geosynthetics.The standard cone and pyramidtest fixtures can establish critical
