1、Designation:D467514aStandard Guide forSelection and Use of Flat Strapping Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4675;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in paren
2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThis guide covers two common categories of flat strapping materials:
3、steel and nonmetallic.Withineach of these two broad categories there are distinct types that lend themselves in differing degrees toparticular applications.The goal of this guide is to help the user focus on the desired elements of performance or service,and the unique properties of each strapping m
4、aterial in order to judge which of these strappingproducts is best suited for the intended strapping application.For further information,consult withyour strapping supplier,your carrier,and any packaging/loading regulations applicable to yourproducts.It is of particular importance,for both safety an
5、d satisfactory performance,that the userinforms the strapping supplier of all intended uses and usage conditions that may differ from industrycustom and practice or from intended strapping applications.Likewise,the user needs to inform thestrapping supplier of any practice of the users carrier that
6、the user believes may differ from anyrequirement or recommendation of the carriers association or of any applicable ASTM or regulatoryprovisions.The user also should inform the strapping supplier of the following expected conditions:load,unit,or package characteristics(rigid,expanding,shrinking,or c
7、ombination);severity ofhandling;nature of transport equipment;storage conditions(stacking height and weight);exposure toenvironmental conditions;extreme temperatures(particularly if prolonged outdoor exposure isanticipated);exposure to chemicals;exposure to abrasive surfaces;and exposure to sharp or
8、 pointedobjects that can cause nicks,scratches,or holes in the strapping.There are other materials not coveredby this guide,which may also offer acceptable solutions or may be used in conjunction with flatstrapping to provide acceptable solutions for the users intended application.Examples of access
9、ories,such as,edge protectors,seal protectors,etc.are shown in Fig.1.Strapping may be recyclable but must never be reused.Contact your supplier for furtherinformation.Table of ContentsSectionIntroductionList of FiguresList of Tables1.Scope2.Referenced Documents3.Terminology4.Significance and Use5.Sa
10、fety Hazard Guidelines6.General Considerations7.General Uses8.Strap Tension9.Packaging Design10.Load,Unit,and Package Securement Configuration11.Strap Selection12.Joining Methods and Properties13.Coatings,Finishes,and Resistance to Deterioration of Physical Properties14.Environmental Considerations1
11、5.Lubrication16.Equipment for Strapping Application17.Strap Application18.Testing and EvaluationCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Table of ContentsSection19.Evaluation of Strap Failure20.KeywordsSupplementary RequirementsDis
12、claimer and Contact InformationList of FiguresTitleFigure No.Various Strapping Applications1Strap Cutting Techniques2Correct and Incorrect Applied Strapping3Notch Joint with Seals4Crimp Joint with Seals5Sealless Interlocking Joints6Loop Joint Secured to Stake Pocket7Loop Joint Placement8Buckle Style
13、s9Crimp Joint Seals10Overlap Sealless Joints11Feedwheel Hand Tool Tensioning Application12Snap-On(Open)and Semi-Open Seals13Windlass Type Hand Tool Application14Thread-On(Closed)and Push Type(Overlap)Seals15Push Type Hand Tool Application16Nested Stack(Magazine Feed)Seal17Combination Tension and Sea
14、l-Feed Hand Tool Application18Intersection or Cross Tie Seal19Various Strapping Take-Up and Tensioning Methods20Corrugated Fiberboard Box Strap PlacementS1.1Cleated-Panel Box Strap PlacementS1.2Nailed Wood Boxes Strap PlacementS1.3Wire Bound Box Strap PlacementS1.4List of TablesTitleTable No.Strappi
15、ng Applications Commonly Used for Packaging,Unitization,and Load Securement1Examples of Different Package Types2Appropriate Strapping Use as a Function of Environmental Conditions3Potential Causes for Strap Failure4Suggested Minimum Sizes of Steel and Nonmetallic Strapping for Corrugated Fiberboard
16、BoxesS1.1Suggested Minimum Sizes of Flat Steel Strapping for Cleated-Panel BoxesS1.2Suggested Minimum Sizes of Flat Steel Strapping for Nailed Wood BoxesS1.3Weight of Contents Versus Length of Top CleatS1.41.Scope1.1 This guide1covers information on flat strapping mate-rials(steel and nonmetallic)for the prospective user wantinginitial guidance in selecting a strapping material and informa-tion on suggested application methods for use in packaging(closing,reinforcing,baling,bundling,unitizing,or
