1、Designation:D459710(Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forSampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases orVapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4597;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the sampling of workplace atmo-spheres for the presence of certai
3、n gases or vapors by means ofdiffusion across a specified quiescent region and subsequentsorption on a solid sorbent(1).21.2 A list of organic compounds which are applicable tosolid sorbent sampling where the sorbent is contained in a bedthrough which air is passed is given in Annex A1 of PracticeD3
4、686.Diffusive samplers may be applicable to a similarrange of compounds but this must be confirmed by reference tothe individual sampler manufacturers literature.1.3 The valid use of diffusive samplers depends on theexistence of actual laboratory or field validation,or both.Guidance on validation ca
5、n be obtained from published proto-cols(2-6).This practice is not designed to cover theverification,validation,or specific test procedures used toassess the accuracy or precision of diffusive samplers.1.4 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as thestandard.1.5 This standard does not purpo
6、rt to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1356 Te
7、rminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Or-ganic Compound Vapors(Activated Charcoal Tube Ad-sorption Method)D3687 Practice for Analysis of Organic Compound VaporsCollected by the Activated Charcoal Tube AdsorptionMethodD6306 Guide f
8、or Placement and Use of Diffusion ControlledPassive Monitors for Gaseous Pollutants in Indoor Air2.2 Other Document:4Title 29CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z Occupational Health andSafety Standard3.Terminology3.1 Terminology D1356 contains definitions of terms usedin this practice.3.2 Definitions of Terms Sp
9、ecific to This Standard:3.2.1 diffusionthe movement of gas or vapor moleculesfrom a region of high concentration to a region of lowconcentration as described by Ficks first law(8.1).3.2.2 diffusive samplerassembly used for sampling gas orvapor molecules from the atmosphere.3.2.3 sampling ratethe rat
10、io of mass of a given compoundcollected by a diffusive sampler per unit time of exposure to theconcentration of that compound in the atmosphere beingsampled.The sampling rate is sometimes referred to as theuptake rate.Units are ng(or mg)/mg/m3/min(or h),which aredimensionally equivalent to a volume
11、flow-rate(for examplecm3/min).4.Summary of Practice4.1 Molecules(gases and vapors)are sampled from theatmosphere by a diffusive sampler.During the samplingprocess,the molecules diffuse from the environment adjacentto the sampler through a region of defined geometric structureand into a region contai
12、ning the sorbent medium.The theory ofdiffusive sampling is given in this practice.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace AirQuality.Current edition approved Oct.1,2015.Published October 2015.Or
13、iginallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4597 10.DOI:10.1520/D4597-10R15.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis practice.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at se
14、rviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Code of Federal Regulations,available from U.S.Government Printing Office,Superintendent of Documents,732 N.Capitol St.,NW,Washington,DC 20401-0001,http:/www.access.gpo.
15、gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.2 Instructions are given for the correct use of the samplingdevices to enable their field application.4.3 Information on the calculation of environmental concen-tration based on sample
16、r assay is given.5.Significance and Use5.1 Regulations such as those promulgated by the U.S.Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 29 CFR1910.1000 designate that certain hazardous gases and vaporsmust not be present in the workplace air at concentrationsabove specific values.5.2 This practice,when used in conjunction with an analyti-cal technique,such as that given for organic compounds inPractice D3687,may provide a means for the determination oftime-weighted airborne concentrations o
