1、Designation:D505710Standard Test Method forScreening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density ofWaste1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revisi
2、on.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparentspecific gravity and bulk density in waste.For the purpose ofthis test method,mat
3、erials to be measured will be classifiedinto three groups:1.1.1 Group AFree-flowing liquids;apparent specificgravity(ASG),1.1.2 Group BGranules,powders and water reactiveliquids,solids or sludges;bulk density(BD),and1.1.3 Group CBulk solids(such as gravel,paper or wood,etc.);apparent specific gravit
4、y(ASG).1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a prelimi-nary test to complement the more sophisticated quantitativeanalytical techniques that may be used to determine specificgravity.This test method offers to the user the option and theability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity
5、 or bulkdensity when the more sophisticated techniques are not avail-able and the total waste composition is unknown.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate s
6、afety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specifichazard statement,see Section 9.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steamin Closed Conduits(Withdrawn 2003)3D1193 Specification for R
7、eagent WaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method refer toTerminology D5681.3.2 Definitions of Term
8、s Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 screeningapreliminaryqualitativeorsemi-quantitative test,developed from classical qualitative andquantitative techniques,that is designed to efficiently give theuser specific information about a waste that will aid indetermining waste identification,process compatib
9、ility,andsafety in handling.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The specific gravity of a material is the ratio of themasses of equal volumes of a waste and reagent water.Theapparent specific gravity of materials in Groups A and C isdetermined by comparing the mass of a sample to the mass ofthe same volume
10、of reagent water.The bulk density of wastesin Group B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of thesample alone and should be used for determinations on waterreactive materials.The weights are used in determining mass.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in th
11、ewaste management industries for the determination of apparentspecific gravity and bulk density of waste.5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density deter-mined by this test method can be used for the conversion ofmeasured volumes to weights.5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density,
12、whencorrelated with other properties,can be used to indicate thecharacter of the waste.6.Interferences6.1 Excessive temperatures causing loss of sample compo-nents due to vaporization could result in erroneous readings.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on WasteManagem
13、ent and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 onScreening Methods.Current edition approved Dec.1,2010.Published January 2011.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5057-90(2006).DOI:10.1520/D5057-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website
14、,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Ba
15、rr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.2 Large,obvious void spaces interfere in this test methodand will give inaccurate results because of the false volumemeasured.7.Apparatus7.1 Weighing BottleSpecific gravity bottle or equivalentcontainer is needed.7.2 Spatul
16、as.7.3 Top Loader Balance,with a sensitivity of 0.01 g isrequired.8.Reagents and Materials8.1 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water as definedby Type IV of Specification D1193.9.Hazards9.1 WarningAvoid inhalation of and skin and eye contactwith all hazardous materials.10.Sampling10.1 Collect the sample in accordance with SpecificationD1192 and Practices D3370 and D4057.NOTE1Extreme temperature variations between the sample andreage
