1、Designation:D529110(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Methods forInstrumental Determination of Carbon,Hydrogen,andNitrogen in Petroleum Products and Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5291;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoptio
2、n or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the instrumental determinationof carbon,hydrogen,and nitr
3、ogen in laboratory samples ofpetroleum products and lubricants.Values obtained representthe total carbon,the total hydrogen,and the total nitrogen.1.2 These test methods are applicable to samples such ascrude oils,fuel oils,additives,and residues for carbon andhydrogen and nitrogen analysis.These te
4、st methods weretested in the concentration range of at least 75 mass%to 87mass%for carbon,at least 9 mass%to 16 mass%forhydrogen,and 0.1 mass%to 2 mass%for nitrogen.1.3 The nitrogen test method is not applicable to lightmaterials or those containing 0.75 mass%nitrogen,or both,such as gasoline,jet fu
5、el,naphtha,diesel fuel,or chemicalsolvents.1.3.1 However,using Test Method D levels of 0.1 mass%nitrogen in lubricants could be determined.1.4 These test methods are not recommended for the analy-sis of volatile materials such as gasoline,gasoline-oxygenateblends,or gasoline type aviation turbine fu
6、els.1.5 The results of these tests can be expressed as mass%carbon,hydrogen or nitrogen.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated
7、 with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Prod
8、uctsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System Performance3.Summary of Test Methods3.1 In these test methods,carbon,hydrogen,and nitrogenare
9、determined concurrently in a single instrumental procedure.With some systems,the procedure consists of simply weighinga portion of the sample,placing the portion in the instrument,and initiating the(subsequently automatic)analytical process.In other systems,the analytical process,to some degree,isma
10、nually controlled.3.2 The actual process can vary substantially from instru-ment to instrument,since a variety of means can be utilized toeffect the primary requirements of the test methods.Allsatisfactory processes provide for the following:3.2.1 The conversion of the subject materials(in theirenti
11、rety)to carbon dioxide,water vapor,and elementalnitrogen,respectively,and3.2.2 The subsequent,quantitative determination of thesegases in an appropriate gas stream.3.3 The conversion of the subject materials to their corre-sponding gases takes place largely during combustion of thesample at an eleva
12、ted temperature in an atmosphere of purifiedoxygen.Here,a variety of gaseous materials are produced,including the following:3.3.1 Carbon dioxide from the oxidation of organic andelemental carbon,1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,an
13、d Lubricants and are the direct responsibilityof Subcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved April 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5291 10.DOI:10.1520/D5291-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM web
14、site,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive
15、,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.3.2 Hydrogen halides from organic halides(and organichydrogen,as required),3.3.3 Water vapor from the oxidation of(the remaining)organic hydrogen and the liberation of moisture,3.3.4 Nitrogen and nitrogen oxides from the oxidation oforgan
16、ic nitrogen,and3.3.5 Sulfur oxides from the oxidation of organic sulfur.Insome systems,sulfurous and sulfuric acids can also be obtainedfrom a combination of the sulfur oxides and the water vapor.3.4 There are several accepted ways of isolating the desiredgaseous products and quantitatively determining them.Theseare as follows:3.4.1 Test Method A3,4From the combustion product gasstream,oxides of sulfur are removed with calcium oxide in thesecondary combustion zone.A portion of the remaining mixe
