1、Designation:D544521Standard Practice forPictorial Markings for Handling of Goods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5445;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice establishes a set of symbols to be used formarking of pack
3、ages or containers to indicate special handlingand storage requirements.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of
4、 thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-d
5、ance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
6、ards:2D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments2.2 ISO Standards:ISO 780 Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods3ISO 7000 Registration of Markings and Symbols33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsGeneral definitions for packaging and dis-tribution are found in Terminology D996.4.Significan
7、ce and Use4.1 Packages are often marked with handling instructions inthe language of the country of origin.While this may safeguardthe consignment to some extent,it is of little value for goodsconsigned to,or through,countries using different languages,and of no value at all if people unloading the
8、packages areilliterate.Pictorial symbols offer the most likely means ofconveying the consignors intention and their adoption will,therefore,undoubtedly reduce loss and damage through incor-rect handling.The use of pictorial symbols does not provideany guarantee of satisfactory handling;proper protec
9、tive pack-aging is therefore of primary importance.5.Symbols5.1 Display of SymbolsSymbols may appear on a label orshould preferably be printed directly on the package.It isrecommended that printed symbols be painted,stenciled(seeNote 1),preprinted or otherwise reproduced,as specifiedherein.Affirmati
10、ve symbols need not be framed by borderlines,but all negative symbols,that is,“DO NOT.,”shallhave borders with a slash mark across.NOTE1For stencilling,the symbols may be provided with bars ifrequired(see Appendix X1).5.2 Color of SymbolsThe preferred color for symbols isblack.If the color of the pa
11、ckage is such that the symbol wouldnot show clearly,provide a panel of a suitable contrastingcolor,preferably white,as a background.Take care to avoid theuse of colors that could lead to confusion with the labeling ofdangerous goods.The color red may be used when increasedemphasis is required to foc
12、us attention of package handlers.5.3 Size of SymbolsThe suggested sizes of symbols shallbe 100,150,or 200 mm(4,6,or 8 in.).The size or shape of thepackage may,however,necessitate use of larger or smallersizes for the symbols,scaled proportionately.5.4 Number,Location,and Position of Symbols:5.4.1 Us
13、e only those pictorial markings required for thepackage.5.4.2 The number of identical symbols to be affixed to anypackage depends on its size and shape(see remarks column foreach symbol).1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packagin-gand is the direct responsibility of S
14、ubcommittee D10.11 on Terminology(defini-tions).Current edition approved Oct.1,2021.Published December 2021.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5445 15.DOI:10.1520/D5445-21.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Se
15、rvice at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute,25 W.43rd St.,NewYork,NY 10017.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Consho
16、hocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1?5.4.3 When packages are formed into a unit load,locatesymbols so as to ensure they are visible(see Symbol 2).5.4.4 Give particular attention to the co
