1、ASTM DU47 93 0759530 0523879 534(#Designation:D 447-93 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 RaceSt.Philadelphia,Pa 19103 Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.CopyrgM ASTM If not listed in the current combined index,will appear in the next ediiion.Standard Test Method for Disti
2、llation of Plant Spray Oils This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 447;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscr
3、ipt epsilon(c)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the volatility of plant spray oils by means of distillation.Its primary purpose is to establish the classification of a spray oil by determining the fraction dis
4、tilled at specified tempera-tures.Both a manual method and an automatic method are specified.1.2 In cases of dispute,the referee test method is the manual test method.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This stan
5、dard does not purport to address all o f the safety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility o f the user o f this standard to establish appru priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility o f regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazard state
6、ments,see Note 3.2.Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards:D 850 Test Method for Distillation of Iidustrial Aromatic D 1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile E 133 Specification for Distillation Equipment3 E 220 Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by Com-Hydrocarbons and Related Mat
7、erials2 Organic Liquids2 parison Techniques4 3.Summary of Test Method 3.1 A 100 mL sample is distilled in a 125-mL flask at a rate of 4 to 6 mL/min.The temperature is recorded at 5 mL distilled intervals.4.Significance and Use 4.I To obtain optimum persistence with minimal damage to fruit and foliag
8、e,a plant spray oil should possess appro-priate volatility characteristics,as indicated by distillation.A narrow range,for example,55C,ensures uniform evapora-tion,while the proper level of initiai and final boiling points prevents either too rapid or undesirably prolonged evapora-tion of the oil.I
9、This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on Petroleum Productr and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee W2.08 on Volatility.Current edition approved Feb.15,1993.Published May 1993.Originally published as D 447-37 T.Last previous edition D 447-88.Annual
10、 Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.04.Annual Book o f ASTM Slandards,Vol 14.03.3 Annual Book ofASTM Standards,Vols 05.03 and 14.02.5.Apparatus 5.1 A i l items listed in 5.1.1 to 5.1.7 shail conform to Specification E 133.Ail of the following references are to Specification E 133:5.I.1 Distilling Flask,F
11、lask B(1 25 mL).5.1.2 Condenser and Cooling Bath,Section 5 and Figs.1 and 2 of Specification E 133.5.1.3 Heater,Section 7 and Figs.I and 2 of Specification E 133.5.1.4 Flask Support,Board C(51 mm(2.0-in.)hole.An additional board,which will completely cover the top of the shield,is split and recessed
12、 to fit the neck of the flask.5.1.5 Graduated Cylinder,Graduate B,100 mL,as shown in Fig.4 of Specification E 133.The cylinder must have graduations at the 5 mL level and from 90 to 100 mL in 1-mL increments.For automatic apparatus,the cylinder shail conform to the physical specifications described
13、in this section,with the exception of the graduations.5.1.5.1 For automatic apparatus,the level follower/re-cording mechanism of the apparatus will have a resolution of 0.1 mL,with an accuracy of I 1 mL.The calibration of the assembly should be confirmed according to the manufactur-ers instructions
14、at regular intervals.The,typicai calibration procedure involves the verification of the output with the receiver containing 5 and 100 mL of material,respectively.5.1.6 Temperature Sensor:5.1.6.1 ASTM Thermometer 8C(SF)as prescribed in Section 10 of Specification E 133.NOTE 1-Thermometers heated to h
15、igh temperatures,in the range required for spray oil distillations,sometimes develop stresses that may affect the accuracy of calibration.It is recommended that,when thennometers vary from the standard thermometer when checked at any convenient temperature,the thermometers be allowed to rest at room
16、 temperature for at least 24 h to relieve stresses.5.1.6.2 Temperature measurement systems using thermo-couples or resistance thermometers must exhibit the same temperature lag and accuracy as the equivalent mercury in glass thermometers.Confmation of the calibration of these temperature sensors is to be made on a regular basis.This can be accomplished as described in Method E220,potentiometrically by the use of standard precision resis-tance,depending on the type of probe.Another technique is t
