1、Designation:D492013Standard Terminology Relating toConditioning,Chemical,and Thermal Properties1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4920;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A num
2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This standard is the compilation of definition of techni-cal terms related to conditioning,chemical,and thermalproperties in textiles.Terms th
3、at are generally understood oradequately defined in other readily available sources are notincluded.1.2 For other ASTM defined conditioning terms,refer toTerminology E41.For other terms associated with textiles,refer to Terminology D123,Relating to Textiles.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2
4、D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesE41 Terminology Relating To ConditioningD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD579 Specification for Greige Woven Glass FabricsD580 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Tapes andWebbingsD581 Specification for Glass Fiber Greige Braided TubularSleevingD885/D88
5、5M Test Methods for Tire Cords,Tire CordFabrics,and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manu-factured Organic-Base FibersD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD1907 Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn(Yarn Num-ber)by the Skein MethodD2118 Practice for Assigning a Standard Commercial
6、 Mois-ture Content for Wool and its ProductsD2494 Test Method for Commercial Mass of a Shipment ofYarn or Manufactured Staple Fiber or TowD2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords,TireCord Fabrics,and Industrial Yarns Made From GlassFilamentsD3887 Specification for Tolerances for Knitted Fabr
7、icsD4772 Test Method for Surface Water Absorption of TerryFabrics(Water Flow)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:absolute humidity,nthe mass of water vapor present in aunit volume of air.DISCUSSIONCommon units of measure for absolute humidity aregrams per cubic metre or grains per cubic foot.The amount of
8、watervapor is also reported in terms of mass per unit mass of dry air,forexample,grams per kilogram,or grains per pound,of dry air.This valuediffers from values calculated on a volume basis and should not bereferred to as absolute humidity.It is designated as humidity ratio,specific humidity,or mois
9、ture pick-up.absorption,na process in which one material(the absorbent)takes in or absorbs another(the absorbate);as the absorptionof moisture by fibers.(See also adsorption.Comparedesorption and resorption.)D4772accelerated conditioning,na process that uses humiditygeneration and precise temperatur
10、e controls to rapidly bringa textile to equilibrium in a standard atmosphere.DISCUSSIONAccelerated conditioning may be achieved in closedcabinets,rooms or process lines designed such that equilibrium can beachieved in a much shorter time,such as 2 to 10 min,compared totypical conditioning times.adso
11、rption,na process in which the surface of a solid takeson or adsorbs in an extremely thin layer molecules of gases,of dissolved substances,or of liquids with which it is incontact.(See also absorption and moisture equilibrium.Compare desorption and resorption.)atmosphere for testing,nair at ambient
12、conditions ofrelative humidity and temperature in which tests or experi-ments are conducted.(See also standard atmosphere fortesting.)DISCUSSIONIn the hierarchy of terms,atmosphere is the genericterm where the air is ambient with conditions“controlled”by localweather and therefore variable.Atmospher
13、e for testing is a delimitedterm in which the use of the atmosphere is restricted for a certainpurpose.In a standard atmosphere for testing,the conditions arespecified(standardized)and controlled for routine testing and fortesting reproducibility.On this basis,there is no real reason for notreferrin
14、g to the specified atmospheres that have been traditionally usedfor testing glass textiles or tire cords,etc.,as standard atmospheresfor testing those materials.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.51 on Cond
15、itioning and,Chemical and Thermal Properties.Current edition approvedJuly 1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4920 08.DOI:10.1520/D4920-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service
16、 at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 bicomponent fiber,na fiber consisting of two polymerswhich are chemically different,physically different,or both.birefringence(double refraction),na property of anisotro-pic materials which manifests itself as a splitting of a lightray into components ha
