1、Designation:D489113(Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forHeating Value of Gases in Natural Gas and Flare GasesRange by Stoichiometric Combustion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4891;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in
2、the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the heatingvalue of natural gases and similar
3、 gaseous mixtures within therange of composition shown in Table 1,and Table 2 that coversflare components but is not intended to limit the components tobe measured in flare gases.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsib
4、ility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization e
5、stablished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1826 Test Method for Calorific(Heating)Value of Gases inNatura
6、l Gas Range by Continuous Recording CalorimeterE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method2.2 EPA Standard:3EPA-600/2-85-106 Evaluation of the Efficiency of IndustrialFlares:Flare Head Design and Gas Composition3.Terminology3.1 All of the terms de
7、fined in Test Method D1826 areincluded by reference.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 combustion ratio,nthe ratio of combustion air togaseous fuel.3.2.2 burned gas parameter,na property of the burned gasafter combustion which is a function of the combustion ratio.3.2.3 critica
8、l combustion ratio,n for a specific burned gasparameter,the combustion ratio at which a plot of burned gasparameter versus combustion ratio has either maximum valueor maximum slope.3.2.4 combustion air requirement index(CARI),nis theamount of air required for complete combustion of the gasbeing meas
9、ured and can be used to index against othermeasured values such as the Wobbe Index or Heating Value.3.2.5 stoichiometric ratio,nthe combustion ratio when thequantity of combustion air is just sufficient to convert all of thecombustibles in the fuel to water and carbon dioxide.4.Summary of Test Metho
10、d4.1 Air is mixed with the gaseous fuel to be tested.Themixture is burned and the air-fuel ratio is adjusted so thatessentially a stoichiometric proportion of air is present.Moreexactly,the adjustment is made so that the air-fuel ratio is in aconstant proportion to the stoichiometric ratio that is a
11、 relativemeasure of the heating value.To set this ratio,a characteristicproperty of the burned gas is measured,such as temperature oroxygen concentration.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides an accurate and reliableprocedure to measure the total heating value of a fuel gas,ona continu
12、ous basis,which is used for regulatory compliance,custody transfer,and process control.5.2 Some instruments which conform to the requirementsset forth in this test method can have response times on theorder of 1 min or less and can be used for on-line measurementand control.5.3 The method is sensiti
13、ve to the presence of oxygen andnonparaffin fuels.For components not listed and compositionranges that fall outside those in Table 1 and Table 2,modifi-cations in the method and changes to the calibration gas orgasses being used may be required to obtain correct results.1This test method is under th
14、e jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D03 on GaseousFuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 on Determination ofHeating Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels.Current edition approved Sept.1,2018.Published September 2018.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved i
15、n 2013 as D4891 13.DOI:10.1520/D4891-13R18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from United
16、States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA),ArielRios Bldg.,1200 Pennsylvania Ave.,NW,Washington,DC 20004,http:/www.epa.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organizat
