1、Designation:E275910Standard Practice forHighway Traffic Monitoring Truth-in-Data1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2759;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 Traffic monitoring truth-in-data is the disclosure of howdata are managed from field data collection through evaluation,acceptance,summarization and reportin
3、g.Through thisdisclosure,truth-in-data permits traffic monitoring summarystatistics to be recalculated from the base data.1.1.1 Truth-in-data can be applied in all traffic monitoringprograms at all levels of investment and development.Tempo-rary manual field activities and permanent data gatheringin
4、stallations share a common interest in and need for the abilityto check and confirm reported traffic statistics.This is theirreducible minimum for both sharing traffic data over timewithin an agency,and at a point of time and over time amongagencies.1.1.2 Truth-in-data also permits alternative asses
5、sment ofthe base data.The ability to recalculate traffic statistics frombase data provides the opportunity to use different assumptionsor to apply different adjustment factors.As understanding oftraffic data proceeds,truth-in-data permits equivalent longitu-dinal assessment of traffic summary statis
6、tics through consis-tent adjustment and treatment of base data over a study period.1.1.3 Truth-in-data is the foundation for all traffic monitor-ing programs because of its applicability to all traffic monitor-ing programs,its support of meaningful sharing of data amongdiverse programs,and its contr
7、ibution to understanding andapplying data for the improvement of traffic management.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered st
8、andard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Reference
9、d Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE2259 Guide forArchiving and Retrieving Intelligent Trans-portation Systems-Generated DataE2300 Specification for Highway Traffic Monitoring De-vicesE2468 Practice for Metadata to Support Archived
10、 DataManagement SystemsE2532 Test Methods for Evaluating Performance of High-way Traffic Monitoring DevicesE2665 Specification for Archiving ITS-Generated TrafficMonitoring DataE2667 Practice for Acquiring Intersection Turning Move-ment Traffic Data3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accepted referen
11、ce value,na particular quantity(forexample,number of vehicles in a particular class defined bynumber of axles and interaxle spacing,vehicle count,laneoccupancy,or vehicle speed)that is agreed upon in advance oftesting of a Traffic Monitoring Device(TMD),which has anuncertainty appropriate for the gi
12、ven purpose.E23003.1.2 accuracy,ncloseness of agreement between a testresult,such as a value indicated by a TMD,and an acceptedreference value.E1773.1.3 base data,ntraffic field measurements that have notbeen adjusted.E26673.1.4 base data integrity,nretention of traffic monitoringfield measurements
13、without modification.Base Data Integrityis a component of ruth in Data.E26673.1.5 bias,nthe difference between the expectation of thetest results,such as values indicated by a TMD,and a relatedreference value.3.1.5.1 DiscussionBias is the total systematic error ascontrasted to random error.There may
14、 be one or more1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle-Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.52 onTraffic Monitoring.Current edition approved May 1,2010.Published June 2010.DOI:10.1520/E275910.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the
15、ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United State
16、s1 systematic error components contributing to the bias.A largersystematic difference from the accepted reference value isreflected by a larger bias value.E1773.1.6 metadata,ndefinitional and descriptive data thatprovide information about or documentation of other datamanaged within an application or environment.E26653.1.7 percent difference,npercent difference is defined asan absolute value given by:Percent Difference5(1)?TMD Output Value2 Accepted Reference Value?Accepted Reference Value3100wh
