1、Designation:D507302(Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forDepth Measurement of Surface Water1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5073;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number
2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice guides the user in selection of procedurescommonly used to measure depth in water bodies that are asfollows:SectionsProcedure AManua
3、l Measurement6 through 11Procedure BElectronic Sonic-Echo Sounding12 through 13Procedure CElectronic Nonacoustic Measurement14 through 15The text specifies depth measuring terminology,describesmeasurement of depth by manual and electronic equipment,outlines specific uses of electronic sounders,and d
4、escribesan electronic procedure for depth measurement other thanusing sonar.1.2 The references cited and listed at the end of this practicecontain information that may help in the design of a highquality measurement program.1.3 The information provided on depth measurement isdescriptive in nature an
5、d not intended to endorse any particularitem of manufactured equipment or procedure.1.4 This practice pertains to depth measurement in quies-cent or low-velocity flow.For depth measurement related tostream gaging see Test Method D3858.For depth measure-ments related to reservoir surveys see Guide D4
6、581.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced D
7、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD3858 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurementof Water by Velocity-Area MethodD4410 Terminology for Fluvial SedimentD4581 Guide for Measurement of Morphologic Character-istics of Surface Water Bodies(Withdrawn 2013)33.Terminology3.1
8、 DefinitionsFor definition of terms used in this practicerefer to Terminologies D1129 and D4410.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bar-check,na method for determining depth below asurvey vessel by means of a long,narrow metal bar or beamsuspended on a marked line beneath a soun
9、ding transducer.3.2.2 bar sweep,na bar or pipes,suspended by wire orcable beneath a floating vessel,used to search for submergedsnags or obstructions hazardous to navigation.3.2.3 beam width,nthe angle in degrees made by the mainlobe of acoustical energy emitted from the radiating face of atransduce
10、r.3.2.4 bottom profile,na line trace of the bottom surfacebeneath a water body.3.2.5 sonar,na method for detecting and locating objectssubmerged in water by means of the sound waves they reflector produce.3.2.6 sound,vtto determine the depth of water(1).43.2.7 sounding line,na rope or cable used for
11、 supportinga weight while the weight is lowered below the water surfaceto determine depth.3.2.8 sounding weight,na heavy object usually of lead,that may be bell-shaped,for use in still water and soft bottommaterials or torpedo shaped with stabilizing fins,for use inflowing water.3.2.9 stray,nspuriou
12、s marks on the graphic depth recordscaused by surfaces other than the bottom surface of a waterbody below the sounding vessel.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments,Geomorphology,and Open-Channel Flo
13、w.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5073 02(2007).DOI:10.1520/D5073-02R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Bo
14、ok of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis practice.Copyright ASTM Inte
15、rnational,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.10 subbottom profile,na trace of a subsurface horizondue to a change in the acoustic properties of the mediumthrough which the sound energy has traveled.3.2.11 towfish,na streamlined container,containingac
16、oustical equipment for sounding depth,and designed to bepulled behind or beneath a survey vessel.3.2.12 transducer,na device for translating electricalenergy to acoustical energy and acoustical energy back toelectrical energy.3.2.13 transducer draft,nthe distance from the watersurface to the radiating face of a transducer.3.2.14 vertical control,na horizontal plane of referenceused to convert measured depth to bottom elevation.4.Summary of Practices4.1 These practices include the following three
