1、Designation:D459511Standard Test Method forTensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width StripMethod1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4595;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last rev
2、ision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensileproperties of geotextiles using a wide-width strip specimentensile method.This te
3、st method is applicable to most geotex-tiles that include woven fabrics,nonwoven fabrics,layeredfabrics,knit fabrics,and felts that are used for geotextileapplication.1.2 This test method covers the measurement of tensilestrength and elongation of geotextiles and includes directionsfor the calculati
4、on of initial modulus,offset modulus,secantmodulus,and breaking toughness.1.3 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of bothconditioned and wet geotextiles by the wide-width stripmethod are included.1.4 The basic distinction between this test method and othermethods for measuring strip tens
5、ile properties is the width ofthe specimen.Some fabrics used in geotextile applicationshave a tendency to contract(neck down)under a force in thegage length area.The greater width of the specimen specifiedin this test method minimizes the contraction effect of thosefabrics and provides a closer rela
6、tionship to expected geotextilebehavior in the field and a standard comparison.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determi
7、ne the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD579 Specification for Greige Woven Glass FabricsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
8、D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens forTextiles(Withdrawn 2008)3D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics3.Terminology3.1 atmosphere for testing geotextiles,n.air maintained ata relative humidity of 65 6 5%and a temperature of 21 6 2C(70 6 4F).3.2 breaking toughness,T,(FL1),Jm2,n.forgeote
9、xtiles,the actual work-to-break per unit surface area ofmaterial.3.2.1 DiscussionBreaking toughness is proportional tothe area under the force elongation curve from the origin tothe breaking point(see also work-to-break).Breaking tough-ness is calculated from work-to-break,gage length,and widthof a
10、specimen.3.3 corresponding force,Fc,n.the force associated with aspecific elongation on the force-per-unit-width strain curve.(Syn.load at specified elongation,LASE.)3.4 geotechnical engineering,n.the engineering applica-tion of geotechnics.3.5 geotechnics,n.the application of scientific methodsand
11、engineering principles to the acquisition,interpretation,and use of knowledge of materials of the earths crust to thesolution of engineering problems.3.5.1 DiscussionGeotechnics embraces the fields of soilmechanics,rock mechanics,and many of the engineeringaspects of geology,geophysics,hydrology,and
12、 related sci-ences.3.6 geotextile,n.any permeable textile material used withfoundation,soil,rock,earth,or any other geotechnical engi-neering related material,as an integral part of a man-madeproject,structure,or system.3.7 initial tensile modulus,Ji,(FL1),Nm1,n.forgeotextiles,the ratio of the chang
13、e in tensile force per unit1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani-cal Properties.Current edition approved Oct.1,2011.Published March 2009.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition app
14、roved in 2009 as D4595 09.DOI:10.1520/D4595-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved
15、version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 width to a change in strain(slope)of the initial portion of aforce per unit width strain curve.3.8 offset tensile modulus,Jo,
16、(FL1),Nm1,n.forgeotextiles,the ratio of the change in force per unit width to achange in strain(slope)below the proportional limit point andabove the tangent point on the force elongation curve.3.9 proportional limit,n.the greatest stress which a mate-rial is capable of sustaining without any deviation fromproportionality of stress to strain(Hookes law).3.10 secant tensile modulus,Jsec(FL1),Nm1,n.forgeotextiles,the ratio of change in force per unit width to achange in strain(slope)between two po
