1、Designation:D387820bStandard Terminology forComposite Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3878;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the
2、 year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 These definitions cover generic terms,including termsof commercial importance,that appear
3、 in one or more stan-dards on composites containing high-modulus(greater than20 GPa(3 106psi)fibers.1.2 The definitions cover,in most cases,special meaningsused in the composites industry.No attempt has been made toinclude common meanings of the same terms as used outsidethe composites industry.1.3
4、Definitions included have,in general,been approved asstandard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendation
5、s issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles2.2 Industry Standard:3CMH-17 Composite Materials Handbook3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:645 laminate,na balanced and symmetric laminate con-
6、sisting of plies with ply orientations of only+45 and 45.angleply laminate,na balanced laminate consisting of plieswith ply orientations of only plus theta and minus theta.balanced laminate,na laminate that contains one ply with aply orientation of minus theta for every ply of the samematerial and t
7、hickness with a ply orientation of plus theta.bond,nthe act of adhering one surface to another,with orwithout the use of an adhesive at the interface.co-cure,cocuresee cure.co-bond,cobond,nthe act of curing(or consolidating)andbonding one semi-solid detail(for example,uncured thermosetpolymer or a t
8、hermoplastic polymer)to a solid detail in a singleprocess through principal action of the matrix,possibly withthe inclusion of a separate layer of adhesive at the interface.secondary bond,nthe act of bonding two or more already-cured thermoset composite or other solid details,during whichthe only ch
9、emical or thermal reaction,or both,occurring is thecuring of the adhesive layer at the interface.DISCUSSIONFor example,a previously cured composite or metaldoubler bonded via an adhesive to a previously cured skin,or apreviously cured face sheet bonded via an adhesive to a honeycombcore.Also applies
10、 to bonding metallic substrates such as aluminum facesheets onto aluminum honeycomb core.braided fabricsee braided fabric under fabric.breather string,na string,composed of a material such asglass,that provides a vacuum path from the laminate to abreather.bundle,na general term for a collection of e
11、ssentiallyparallel filaments.carbon fiber precursor,na material from which carbon fiberis made by pyrolysis.DISCUSSIONPolyacrylonitrile,rayon,or pitch fibers are commonlyused precursors.catenary:filament catenary,nthe difference in length of the fila-ments in a specified length of tow,end,or strand
12、as a result ofunequal tension;the tendency of some filaments in a tauthorizontal tow,end,or strand to sag lower than others.roving catenary,nthe difference in length of the ends,tows,or strands in a specified length of roving as a result ofunequal tension;the tendency of some ends,tows,or strands in
13、a taut horizontal roving to sag lower than others.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 onComposite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.01 onEditorial and Resource Standards.Current edition approved Oct.1,2020.Published October 2020.Originallyap
14、proved in 1981.Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D3878 20a.DOI:10.1520/D3878-20B.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary p
15、age onthe ASTM website.3Available from SAE International(SAE),400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096,http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internatio
16、nally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.caul,na flat or contoured tool used to distribute pressure andto define a surface for the top of the laminate during laminateconsolidation or cure.co-fabrication,n(cofabrication)a fabrication process whereitems such as inserts and other details are bonded i
