1、Designation:D405712Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards(MPMS),Chapter 8.1Standard Practice forManual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4057;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONT
3、he previous version of the manual sampling practice described the various sampling methods andapparatus,with much focus on crude oils and semi-solids and solids.Also,previous versions did notsignificantly address closed or restricted sampling,which continue to become more prevalent.This version will
4、 provide guidance on manual sampling terminology,concepts,equipment,containers,procedures,and will provide some specific guidance related to particular products andtests.The type and size of the sample obtained,and the handling method,will depend on the purposefor which it was taken.Refer to the tes
5、t method for any specific sampling and handling requirementsup to the point of testing.It remains the responsibility of the subcommittee for the relevant test methodto provide guidance,or warnings,regarding sample container selection;preparation;cleanliness;heat,pressure,or light;sample size require
6、ments for testing and retention;and any other special handlingrequirements necessary to ensure a representative sample is tested.In addition to the individual test method,for guidance on container,size,mixing and specialhandling,further guidance may be provided in Practice D5854(API MPMS Chapter 8.3
7、),PracticeD5842(API MPMS Chapter 8.4),and Practice D4306.While this practice will provide some generalguidance regarding sample chain of custody,Guide D4840 should also be consulted.This document has been developed jointly between the American Petroleum Institute(API)andASTM International.1.Scope1.1
8、 This practice covers procedures and equipment formanually obtaining samples of liquid petroleum and petroleumproducts,crude oils,and intermediate products from thesample point into the primary container are described.Proce-dures are also included for the sampling of free water and otherheavy compon
9、ents associated with petroleum and petroleumproducts.1.2 This practice also addresses the sampling of semi-liquidor solid-state petroleum products.1.3 This practice provides additional specific informationabout sample container selection,preparation,and samplehandling.1.4 This practice does not cove
10、r sampling of electricalinsulating oils and hydraulic fluids.If sampling is for theprecise determination of volatility,use Practice D5842(APIMPMS Chapter 8.4)in conjunction with this practice.Forsample mixing and handling,refer to Practice D5854(APIMPMS Chapter 8.3).1.5 The procedures described in t
11、his practice may also beapplicable in sampling most non-corrosive liquid industrialchemicals provided that all safety precautions specific to thesechemicals are followed.Also,refer to Practice E300.Theprocedures described in this practice are also applicable tosampling liquefied petroleum gases and
12、chemicals.Also referto Practices D1265 and D3700.The procedure for samplingbituminous materials is described in Practice D140.PracticeD4306 provides guidance on sample containers and prepara-tion for sampling aviation fuel.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on PetroleumPr
13、oducts,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and the API Committee on PetroleumMeasurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02/COMQ onHydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer(Joint ASTM-API).This practicehas been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the CooperatingSoci
14、eties in accordance with established procedures.This practice was issued as ajoint ASTM-API standard in 1981.Current edition approved Dec.1,2012.Published October 2013.Originallyapproved in 1981.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4057 06(2011).DOI:10.1520/D4057-12.Copyright ASTM Internationa
15、l,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 1.6 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas the standard.USC units are reflected in parentheses.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It
16、 is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products atAtmospheric PressureD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous MaterialsD217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of LubricatingGreaseD244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified
