1、Designation:D305315Standard Terminology Relating toCarbon Black1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3053;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the
2、 year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions oftechnical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.Terms that are generally understood or adequately define
3、d inother readily available sources are not included.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black,Pelleted Fines andAttritionD1509 Test Methods for Carbon BlackHeating LossD1510 Test Method for Carbon BlackIodine AdsorptionNumberD1511 Test Method for Carbon BlackPelle
4、t Size Distri-butionD1513 Test Method for Carbon Black,PelletedPour Den-sityD1514 Test Method for Carbon BlackSieve ResidueD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD1618 Test Method for Carbon Black ExtractablesTransmittance of Toluene ExtractD1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber Pr
5、oductsD1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling PackagedShipmentsD1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Ship-mentsD1937 Test Method for Carbon Black,PelletedMassStrengthD2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil AbsorptionNumber(OAN)D2663 Test Methods for Carbon BlackDispersion in Rub-berD3265 Test M
6、ethod for Carbon BlackTint StrengthD3313 Test Method for Carbon BlackIndividual PelletHardnessD3493 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil AbsorptionNumber of Compressed Sample(COAN)D3849 Test Method for Carbon BlackMorphologicalCharacterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Micros-copyD5230 Test Method f
7、or Carbon BlackAutomated Indi-vidual Pellet HardnessD6086 Test Method for Carbon BlackVoid Volume(VV)(Withdrawn 2015)3D6556 Test Method for Carbon BlackTotal and ExternalSurface Area by Nitrogen AdsorptionD6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible CarbonBlack Fugitive Emissions or Other Env
8、ironmentalParticulate,or Both3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:aciniform,adjshaped like a cluster of grapes.DISCUSSIONThe spheroidal primary particles of carbon black arefused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniformmorphology.carbon black,nan engineered material,primarily composedof e
9、lemental carbon,obtained from the partial combustion orthermal decomposition of hydrocarbons,existing as aggre-gates of aciniform morphology which are composed ofspheroidal primary particles which exhibit uniformity ofprimary particle sizes within a given aggregate4and tur-bostratic layering within
10、the primary particles.DISCUSSIONCarbon black exhibits a hierarchy of morphologicalfeatures:particles(that is,primary particles),aggregates,and agglom-erates.While the fundamental building block of carbon black is theprimary particle,they almost never exist in isolation,but are stronglyfused by coval
11、ent bonds into aggregates.4The primary particles areconceptual in nature,in that once the aggregate is formed the primaryparticle no longer exists,they are no longer discrete and have nophysical boundaries amongst them.Once produced,individual aggre-gates join together by van der Waals forces to for
12、m agglomerates.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on CarbonBlack and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon BlackNomenclature and Terminology.Current edition approved Dec.15,2015.Published January 2016.Originallyapproved in 1972.Last previous edit
13、ion approved in 2013 as D3053 13a.DOI:10.1520/D3053-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last a
14、pproved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4The one exception to this general characteristic of manufactured carbon blackis thermal black,in which primary particles may exist in isolation and the primaryparticle sizes within an aggregate are not necessarily uniform.Copy
15、right ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Agglomerates do not break down into smaller components unlessadequate force is applied(for example,shear force).Primary particleand aggregate sizes are distributional properties and vary dependi
16、ng onthe carbon black grade.Transmission electron micrographs shown inAnnex A1 of Practice D6602 demonstrate that while primary particleand aggregate sizes vary greatly within a given grade of carbon black,the primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individualaggregate.4carbon black,carcass grade,na type of furnace carbonblack having an average nitrogen surface area in the range of21 to 69 m2/g.DISCUSSIONCarcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oilfurnace process.The use of
