1、Designation:D318310(Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forRubberPreparation of Pieces for Test Purposes fromProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3183;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of
2、 last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers methods for the
3、preparation ofpieces of a rubber vulcanizate that is not in the form of sheet.Such pieces are used as a source from which specimens areobtained for testing.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard do
4、es not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standar
5、ds:2D3182 Practice for RubberMaterials,Equipment,and Pro-cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and PreparingStandard Vulcanized Sheets3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 piece,na rubber vulcanizate of a geometry fromwhich a specimen,suitable for testing,may be obtai
6、ned.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice is used when it is necessary to test aproduct from which specimens cannot be cut directly.Proce-dures are given for preparing pieces suitable for preparingspecimens of the product.5.Conditioning5.1 Pieces shall be prepared for specimen cutting and testingn
7、ot sooner than 16 h after vulcanization and not later than 60days after delivery to a purchaser(Note 1).5.2 Testing,for the purpose of production control,mayrequire that the pieces be prepared and tested prior to 16 h asspecified in 5.1.This practice shall be noted in the respectivetest report.NOTE1
8、This procedures time limit may be modified as agreed uponbetween laboratories or between supplier and user.6.Pieces6.1 Pieces shall be obtained,if possible,from the product tobe tested in accordance with the specification for the particularproduct.The pieces shall be prepared in accordance withSecti
9、on 7.6.2 When it is not feasible to prepare suitable pieces fromthe product,specially molded pieces or sheets may be preparedfrom the same unvulcanized rubber compound used to preparethe product.The sheets shall be vulcanized in accordance withPractice D3182 and shall have an equivalent state of vul
10、cani-zation judged from such properties as can be determined on theproduct.The sheets shall have one of the following thicknessesunless another thickness is technically necessary:mmin.2 0.2(0.08 0.008)4 0.2(0.16 0.008)6.3 0.3(0.25 0.12)12.5 0.5(0.50 0.02)7.Preparation of Pieces7.1 Rubber vulcanizate
11、s,particularly products,may nothave a suitable form or size for use in cutting specimens fortest.Procedures in this section describe the preparation ofpieces from vulcanizates that are too thick,have unevensurfaces,or contain textiles.7.1.1 After the piece is prepared,it shall rest at least 30 minbe
12、fore the specimens are cut.7.2 Separation of TextilesThe separation should prefer-ably avoid the use of a swelling liquid.If this is not possible,1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D11 on Rubber andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.10 on Physical Testing.Current
13、 edition approved Nov.1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3183 10.DOI:10.1520/D3183-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStan
14、dards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 use commercial isooctane(2,2,4-trimethylpentane),followingthe safety recommendations from the supplie
15、r and the MSDS.7.2.1 Take care to avoid excessive stretching of the rubberduring the separation,by separating a little at a time while therubber is gripped near the point of separation.7.2.2 If a liquid is used,place the rubber so as to permit freeevaporation of the liquid.Allow time for the complet
16、e evapo-ration of the liquid before the specimens are cut and tested.7.2.2.1 Some skiving machines can separate plies of rubberas in belts,hose,and tires(see 7.4).7.3 Cutting Knife ProcedureThis procedure is based oncommercial slicing machines.The machine consists of amotor-or hand-driven disk cutter of suitable diameter with amovable cutting table that transports the sample to the cuttingedge.An adjustable slow-feed mechanism is fitted to thecutting table that feeds the rubber forward to the li
