1、Designation:D250114Standard Test Method forCalculation of Viscosity-Gravity Constant(VGC)ofPetroleum Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2501;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revi
2、sion.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the calculation of the viscosity-gravity constant(VGC)of petroleum oils2having viscosities inexcess of 5.5
3、mm2/s at 40C(104F)and in excess of 0.8mm2/s at 100C(212F).1.2 Annex A1 describes a method for calculating the VGCfrom Saybolt(SUS)viscosity and relative density.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 The SI uni
4、t of kinematic viscosity is mm2/s.1.3.2 ExceptionFahrenheit temperature units are used inthis practice because they are accepted by industry for the typeof legacy conversions described in this practice.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its
5、 use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products(
6、Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D1298 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,or APIGravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-ucts by Hydrometer MethodD2140 Practice for Calculating Carbon-T
7、ype Compositionof Insulating Oils of Petroleum OriginD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer(and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)3.Summary of Test Meth
8、od3.1 The kinematic viscosity at 40C(104F)and the densityat 15C of the oil are determined.If the oil is extremelyviscous,or if it is otherwise inconvenient to determine theviscosity at 40C,the kinematic viscosity at 100C(212F)canbe used.The viscosity-gravity constant is calculated from themeasured p
9、hysical properties using the appropriate equation.4.Significance and Use4.1 The viscosity-gravity constant(VGC)is a useful func-tion for the approximate characterization of the viscous frac-tions of petroleum.2It is relatively insensitive to molecularweight and is related to a fluids composition as
10、expressed interms of certain structural elements.Values of VGC near 0.800indicate samples of paraffinic character,while values close to1.00 indicate a preponderance of aromatic structures.Likeother indicators of hydrocarbon composition,the VGC shouldnot be indiscriminately applied to residual oils,a
11、sphalticmaterials,or samples containing appreciable quantities ofnonhydrocarbons.5.Measurement of Physical Properties5.1 Preferably,determine the kinematic viscosity at 40C asdescribed in Test Method D445 or D7042.However,if thesample is extremely viscous or if it is otherwise inconvenientto measure
12、 the viscosity at 40C,the viscosity at 100C may bedetermined.5.2 Determine the density at 15C in accordance with TestMethod D1298,D4052,or D7042.Equivalent results can beobtained by determining API Gravity at 60F(15.56C)inaccordance with Test Method D287,and converting the result1This test method is
13、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.04.0K on Correlative Methods.Current edition approved June 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 1966.Last previous edition approved in 2011 a
14、s D2501 11.DOI:10.1520/D2501-142Coats,H.B.,and Hill,J.B.,Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,Vol 20,1928,p.641.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the stand
15、ards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 to density at 15C by means of Table 3 of the PetroleumMeasurement Tables(Americ
16、an Edition).4NOTE1If it is necessary to convert a result obtained using the digitaldensity meter to a density at another temperature,the Petroleum Measure-ment Tables can be used only if the glass expansion factor has beenexcluded.6.Calculation of Viscosity-Gravity Constant6.1 From Kinematic Viscosity at 40C and Density at15CUse the following equation to calculate the VGC fromthe measured properties:NOTE2The original formulae2used Saybolt Universal Seconds andspecific gravity as the input parame
