1、Designation:D438519Standard Practice forClassifying Visual Defects in Thermosetting ReinforcedPlastic Pultruded Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4385;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the ye
2、ar of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers acceptance criteria for visual ac-ceptance of thermosetting reinforced plastic pultruded rods,b
3、ars,shapes,and sheets.1.2 This practice presents definitions of possible defects toserve as a guide for contracts,drawings,product specifications,and final inspection.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions t
4、o SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental pract
5、ices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles fo
6、r theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD3917 Specification for Dimensional Tolerance of Thermo-setting Glass
7、-Reinforced Plastic Pultruded Shapes3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe definitions in this practice are in ac-cordance with Terminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 connection areasareas associated with a pultrudedmember that form a connection in some form or fashion th
8、atwill not be visible after fabrication.3.2.2 fiber bloomingexposed reinforcements on the sur-face of a profile as a result of veil slippage or lack of resin.Such defects will cause the exposed fiber to“bloom”whenexposed to ultraviolet light.3.2.3 internal layerrefers to individual layers of unidire
9、c-tional or transverse reinforcements in the form of roving/tows,continuous filament,woven or stitched mats formed andlaminated via the pultrusion process to produce a specificthickness of or as part of a pultruded profile.A stitched orwoven mat is made up of individual layers of roving woven orstit
10、ched together to form a single mat3.2.4 mat discolorationa discoloration(typically yellow-ing)of the reinforcing mats caused by binder migration.Thediscoloration can cause visual streaks on the surface of thepultrusion.3.2.5 test requirementminimum design,characteristic orspecified values as dictate
11、d and or specified by codes,standards,industry,end customers,the manufacturer or theEngineer of Record.4.Acceptance Criteria4.1 The method and frequency of inspection shall be theresponsibility of the pultruder as deemed necessary to maintaincompliance to this specification,unless the purchaser and
12、selleragree on other terms.4.2 Dimensions and TolerancesRefer to specifications inaccordance with product drawing or in accordance with Speci-fication D3917.4.3 Allowable DefectsDefects that by nature,number,orfrequency of occurrence do not affect the serviceability of theproduct.Allowable defects s
13、hall be fully described as to thetype,size,number,extent allowed,and spacing.Defects in1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced ThermosettingPlastics.Current edition approved Nov.1,2019.Published De
14、cember 2019.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4385-13.DOI:10.1520/D4385-19.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standa
15、rds Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recog
16、nized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 excess of those listed as allowable defects in the productspecifications,drawings,or contracts,for the products,shall because for rejection.4.4 Repairable DefectsVisual defects(for example,chips,exposed reinforcement,fiber bridging,fiber prominence,andscuffing)that
