1、Designation:D 4348 84(Reapproved 1995)Standard Practice forCollecting Benthic Macroinvertebrates with Holme(Scoop)Grab Sampler1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4348;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision
2、,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining quali-tative or quantitative bottom samples of macroinverte
3、bratesinhabiting sand,gravel,mud,clay,and similar substrates.1.2 This device is used primarily in marine waters and deeplakes.1.3 For the advantages and limitations of grab samplingdevices,see Guide D 4387.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with
4、 its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specifichazards,see Section 5.2.Referenced Document2.1 ASTM Standards:D 4387 Guide for Selecting Grab Sampli
5、ng Devices forCollecting Benthic Macroinvertebrates23.Summary of Practice3.1 The Holme(scoop)grab sampler has a semicylindricalscoop mounted on the bottom of a heavy frame,must bepositioned properly on the bottom to take a scoop,and retaindiscrete samples of sediment through 180.3.2 The device penet
6、rates to a depth of about 150 mm.3.3 The sampler may be modified to include double scoopseach of 0.05 m2or larger.4.Significance and Use4.1 The Holme(scoop)grab sampler is used to collectqualitative and quantitative samples from different aquatichabitats containing benthic macroinvertebrates living
7、on or invarious types of substrates.4.2 The organisms in the sample are used to define macro-invertebrate community characteristics in water quality studiesand ecological assessments.5.Hazards5.1 This sampler cannot be used under adverse wind andwave conditions.6.Procedure6.1 Slowly lower the sample
8、r on a vertical plane with thescoop opening downward until it firmly contacts the substrate.6.2 The trip mechanism is released on lifting;the scoopforceably rotates 180 along its horizontal axis.6.3 The sample is completely enclosed from below;a coverover the top prevents washout.6.4 Operate the sam
9、pler from a boat with a powered winchand cable because of its bulk and weight.6.5 Resetting of the scoop is somewhat awkward.6.6 Once aboard the vessel,empty the sample into either asuitable container or a sieving device directly for processing.6.7 Thoroughly wash or hose the device with water,so th
10、atall the sample is included in the sample processing before areplicate sample is taken.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of
11、the validity of any such patent rights,and the riskof infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your
12、comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have
13、 not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E47 on BiologicalEffects and Environmental Fate and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE47.03 on Terrestrial
14、Assessment and Toxicology.Current edition approved Feb.24,1984.Published October 1984.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 11.05.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100 Barr Har
15、bor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or serviceastm.org(e-mail);or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 43482
