1、Designation:D442718Standard Classification ofPeat Samples by Laboratory Testing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4427;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes
2、es indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This classification is a system for subdividing andassigning nomenclatur
3、e to peat samples through laboratorytests.1.2 Peat is considered to be a naturally occurring organicsoil primarily derived from decomposing plant material thathas sedentarily accumulated in water-saturated,anaerobic en-vironments.It is found in peatlands,bogs,mangroves,mires,moors,and muskegs and is
4、 generally composed of mosses,grasses,leaves,sedges,and shrubs.Changes in depositionalenvironment can create subsurface peat deposits underlyinginorganic soils.Typically,peat has a low density,high watercontent,and is quite compressible when compared to othertypes of soil1.3 This standard does not p
5、urport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard
6、was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced
7、 Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD1997 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of theFiber Content of Peat Samples by Dry MassD2974 Test Methods for Moisture,Ash,and Organic Matterof Peat and Other Organic SoilsD2976 Test Method for pH of Peat
8、MaterialsD2980 Test Method for Saturated Density,Moisture-Holding Capacity,and Porosity of Saturated Peat Materi-alsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and Construction3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.
9、1 For definitions of common technical terms in thisstandard,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 absorbencythe amount of water by mass that can beheld by the peat.This amount is expressed in terms of thewater-holding capacity as measured using Test Metho
10、d D2980.3.2.2 acidityexpressed as the pH of the peat in water asmeasured using Test Method D2976.3.2.3 ash contentthe percentage by dry mass of materialremaining after the oven dry peat is burned,using the methodsdescribed in Test Methods D2974.3.2.4 botanical compositionthe dominant plant genus,gen
11、era,or informal plant group identified by visual observationas comprising a portion of the fiber in the peat.3.2.5 fiber contentthe dry mass of fibers remaining afterwet sieving over a No.100(150-m)sieve.Fiber content isexpressed as a percentage of the original dry mass,using themethod described in
12、Test Method D1997.4.Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this classification is to standardize thenaming of peat materials so that the peat-producer can betteridentify the product and the peat-consumer can better selectpeat materials to meet requirements.This system may also beused for peat resour
13、ce evaluations,environmental impactreports,and preliminary engineering studies.The parametersselected for use in this classification are ones which have beendeterminedtorelatetotheagricultural/horticultural,geotechnical,and energy uses of peats.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
14、Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.07 on Identificationand Classification of Soils.Current edition approved Jan.1,2018.Published February 2018.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D4427 13(2017).DOI:10.1520/D4427-13R17.2
15、For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCo
16、pyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 NOTE1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the co
