1、Designation:D176120Standard Test Methods forMechanical Fasteners in Wood and Wood-Based Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1761;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThe use of wood and wood-based materials in many struc
3、tural and other applications often involvesthe use of mechanical fasteners,such as nails,screws,bolts,lag screws,and timber connectors.Dataon the resistance and performance of such fasteners are frequently needed for design and forcomparative purposes.Presented are methods of conducting tests for na
4、il,staple,and screw(exceptmachine screws)withdrawal resistance and lateral load transmission by nail,staple,screw,bolt,andtimber connector.The use of standard methods for these tests is recommended as a means of obtainingcomparable data and of eliminating variables in test results because of variati
5、ons in testing methods.The tests appear in the following order:SectionsNail,staple,or screw withdrawal test4 to 13Nail,staple,or screw lateral resistance test14 to 21Bolted or timber connector joint test22 to 30Keywords311.Scope1.1 These test methods provide a basic procedure forevaluating the withd
6、rawal and lateral resistance of fastenersinstalled in wood and wood-based materials.Spikes are in-cluded as nails in this standard.1.2 The tests also provide a basis for determining compa-rable performance of different types and sizes of fastenersinstalled in wood and wood-based materials.1.3 The va
7、lues stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with i
8、ts use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized princip
9、les on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wo
10、od-Based Prod-uctsD143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity(Rela-tive Density)of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsD2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-tural Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moistur
11、e Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesF547 Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base MaterialsF1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners:Nails,Spikes,andStaples1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Comm
12、ittee D07 onWood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.05 on Wood Assem-blies.Current edition approved April 15,2020.Published July 2020.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1761 12.DOI:10.1520/D1761-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM we
13、bsite,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis i
14、nternational standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Co
15、mmittee.2.2 Other Standards:ASME B18.6.1 Wood Screws(Inch Series)3Federal Specification FF-W-92 for Washers,Metal,Flat(Plain)43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For general definitions of terms related to wood,referto Terminologies D9 and F547.NAIL,STAPLE,OR SCREW WITHDRAWAL TEST4.Summary of Test Me
16、thod4.1 These test methods provide a basic procedure forevaluating the resistance of wood and wood-based materials towithdrawal of nails,staples,and screws.The tests also providea basis for determining comparable performance of differenttypes and sizes of nails,staples,and screws in withdrawal fromwood and wood-based materials.4.2 Specimens consist of wood members(prisms of wood orwood-based products),with nails,staples,or screws installed atright angles to one or more faces.The fasteners are wi
