1、Designation:D 2186 05An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forDeposit-Forming Impurities in Steam1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2186;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of las
2、t revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of theamount of deposit-forming impurities in steam.Determinationsare made on cond
3、ensed steam samples in all test methods.TestMethods A,B,and C give a measure of the amount of totaldeposit-forming material present;Test Method D deals withspecial constituents that may be present.Special precautionsand equipment,calculation procedures,and ranges of applica-bility are described.The
4、following test methods are included:SectionsTest Method A(Gravimetric or Evaporative)6 to 12Test Method B(Electrical Conductivity)13 to 19Test Method C(Sodium Tracer)20 to 26Test Method D(Silica and Metals)27 to 301.2 Test Method A is applicable for determining totaldissolved and suspended solids in
5、 concentrations normally notless than 0.4 mg/L(ppm).It is applicable only to long-timesteady-state conditions and is not applicable for transients.1.3 Test Method B will measure minimum impurity concen-trations varying from 3 mg/L(ppm)down to at least 0.005mg/L(ppm),depending on the means for removi
6、ng dissolvedgases from the steam condensate.The means for removingdissolved gases also affects the storage capacity of steamcondensate in the system and,thus,affects the response of thesystem to transients.1.4 Because of the high sensitivity of methods for measur-ing sodium in steam condensate,Test
7、Method C provides themost sensitive measure of impurity content for samples inwhich sodium is an appreciable percentage of the impuritiespresent.Concentrations as low as 4.0 g/L(ppb)can bedetected by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spec-troscopy,0.2 g/L(ppb)by atomic absorption spectropho
8、tom-etry,0.1 g/L(ppb)by graphite furnace atomic absorptionspectroscopy,and as low as 0.5 g/L(ppb)by sodium ionelectrode.The apparatus can be designed with low volume,and,therefore,Test Method C is the most responsive totransient conditions.1.5 Test Method D covers the determination of silica andmeta
9、ls in steam,which are not included in Test Methods B andC and are not individually determined using Test Method A.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhe
10、alth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in WaterD 516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in WaterD 857 Test Methods for Aluminum in WaterD 859 Test Method for Silica in WaterD 1066 Pra
11、ctice for Sampling Steam2D 1068 Test Methods for Iron in WaterD 1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-sistivity of WaterD 1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD 1687 Test Methods for Chromium in WaterD 1688 Test Methods for Copper in WaterD 1886 Test Methods for Nickel in WaterD 1976 Tes
12、t Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission SpectroscopyD 2791 Test Method for Continuous Determination of So-dium in WaterD 3082 Test Method for Boron in Water2D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD 3867 Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in W
13、aterD 4191 Test Method for Sodium in Water by AtomicAbsorption SpectrophotometryD 5542 Test Methods for TraceAnions in High Purity Waterby Ion ChromatographyD 5907 Test Method for Filterable and Nonfilterable Matterin WaterD 6071 Test Method for Low Level Sodium in High PurityWater by Graphite Furna
14、ce Atomic Absorption Spectros-copy1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 onWater and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling ofWater and Water-Formed Deposits,Analysis of Water for Power Generation andProcess Use,On-Line Water Analysis of Water
15、for Power.Current edition approved June 1,2005.Published July 2005.Originally approvedin 1966.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 2186 84(2005).2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandar
16、ds volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D 1129.4.Significance and Use4.1 Limiting the concentration of deposit-forming impuri-ties in steam is of significance to protect both steam generatorsand steam turbines from damage or degradation of perf
