1、Designation:D234990(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method for Qualitative Determination ofNature of Solvent Composition in Solvent-Reducible Paints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2349;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in t
2、he case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the natureof solvent in solvent-reducible hous
3、e paints containing onlyhydrocarbon solvents.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user
4、of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D215 Practice for the Chemical Analysis of White LinseedOil Paints(Withdrawn 2005)3D233 Test Methods of Sampling and Te
5、sting TurpentineD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides a procedure for determiningqualitatively the composition of solvent in paints containingonly hydrocarbon solvents.4.Reagents4.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests
6、.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficient
7、ly high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.4.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean reagent water conformingto Type IV of Specification D1193.4.3 Antimony Pentachloride(SbCl5).4.4 Chloroform.4.5 Nitric Acid(
8、sp gr 1.42)Concentrated nitric acid(HNO3).4.6 Sulfuric Acid(sp gr 1.84)Concentrated sulfuric acid(H2SO4).5.Preparation of Sample5.1 Mix and prepare the sample in accordance with PracticeD215.6.Nature of Solvent6.1 Transfer approximately 150 g of the paint to a 500-mLflask fitted with a 2-hole cork s
9、topper carrying a spray trapconnected with a suitable condenser.Through the other hole inthe stopper pass an influx tube for steam.(This tube should dipbelow the surface of the paint.)Heat the flask in an oil or airbath at 100C and pass through it a current of steam;with thesteam still passing throu
10、gh,raise the temperature of the bath to130C.Catch the distillate in a small separatory funnel;continue distillation until 300 mL of water have been obtained.Portions of this water may be drawn from the cock of theseparatory funnel from time to time,but care must be taken notto draw out any of the vo
11、latile solvent.6.2 Let the distillate stand until it separates into two layers,then draw off the water and filter the volatile solvent through adry filter paper into a dry flask.If the solvent is apparentlyturpentine,examine the distillate in accordance with Color,1This test method is under the juri
12、sdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.Current edition approved July 1,2014.Published July 2014.Originally approvedin 1965.Last previous edition a
13、pproved in 2009 as D2349 90(2009).DOI:10.1520/D2349-90R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The las
14、t approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,AmericanChemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChem
15、icals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Odor,Specific Gravity,Refractive Index and Dist
16、illation sec-tions of Test Methods D233.If the solvent is a mixture ofturpentine and petroleum spirits,an approximate determinationof the amount of turpentine may be made in accordance withthe Polymerization sections of Test Methods D233.(It shouldbe noted that turpentine is slightly soluble in water,about 0.3to 0.4 mL/100 mL of water.)6.3 To test for benzene,add a few drops of the distillate toa small quantity of a mixture of HNO3(sp gr 1.42)and H2SO4(sp gr 1.84)and heat cautiously.The characte
