1、Designation:D2014/D2014M20Standard Test Method forExpansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2014/D2014M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of l
2、ast revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a large-scale laboratory test forobtaining information on the expansion or contraction of coalor coa
3、l blends during carbonization under specified conditions.This test method is applicable in the examination of coals orcoal blends intended for use in the manufacture of coke.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Thevalues stated i
4、n each system are not necessarily exact equiva-lents;therefore,to ensure conformance with the standard,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other,and valuesfrom the two systems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated wi
5、th its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized pri
6、nciples on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2234/D2234M Practice for Collecti
7、on of a Gross Sampleof CoalD3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal3.Summary of Test Method3.1 During the test,a measured thickness of coal about102 mm 4 in.is heated from the bottom surface while a forcecorresponding to 15.17 kPa 2.20 psi is applied to the topsurface through a piston.At the end
8、 of the test,the thickness ofthe coke is measured by observing the final position of thepiston.4.Significance and Use4.1 The values determined in this test method indicate towhat extent a given coal or coal blend will expand or contractduring the carbonization process when evaluated in terms ofperti
9、nent experience with other coals and coal blends andprocessing conditions used in commercial-type coke ovens.5.Apparatus5.1 Test Oven Assembly,consisting of the following:eithera single-chamber oven having approximately 280 mm 11 in.width,610 mm 24 in.length,and 280 mm 11 in.depth,or adouble-chamber
10、ed oven with two chambers each having ap-proximately 280 mm 11 in.width,length,and depth;aheating system to heat the charge(s)unidirectionally throughthe sole according to a controlled program;piston(s)arrangedso that a constant load may be applied to the top surface of thecharge;and suitable instru
11、mentation so that appropriate tem-peratures and the position of the piston(s)may be measured.The auxiliary equipment includes apparatus facilitating thecharging of the oven in a standard manner.The verticalpartition of the double-chambered oven may be of 51 mm2 in.firebrick tile or equivalent.5.1.1
12、Carbonization Chamber:5.1.1.1 The sole shall be of silicon carbide tile,about 40 mm1.5 in.thick,305 mm 12 in.wide,and extending approxi-mately 75 mm 3 in.beyond the carbonization chamber at thefront and back.Side,front,and back walls should be 40 mm1.5 in.firebrick tile or equivalent.It is appropria
13、te to key thesole to the side and back tiles.The top edges of sidewalls shallbe held in an adjustable steel framework so that the walls maybe made and maintained precisely perpendicular to the sole.Hole(s)6.35 mm 0.25 in.in diameter shall be provided1This test method is under the jurisdiction of AST
14、M Committee D05 on Coaland Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.15 on MetallurgicalProperties of Coal and Coke.Current edition approved Feb.1,2020.Published February 2020.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D2014/D2014M 19.DOI:10.1520/D2014_D2014
15、M-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C70
16、0,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.through the side of the oven to enable the placement ofthermocouple(s)on the top surface of the sole in the center ofthe oven chamber(s).5.
