1、Designation:D 2283 86(Reapproved 1997)Standard Specification forChlorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons(Askarels)forTransformers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2283;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the
2、 year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers synthetic nonflammable elec-tricalinsulatingliquidsofthechlorinatedaromatichydrocarbon-
3、type known as askarels,which are used as aninsulating and cooling medium in liquid-filled transformers.This specification includes liquids that were previously avail-able and are still in use in apparatus.1.2 Askarels covered by this specification are of varioustypes,having components in weight perc
4、ent in accordance withTable 1.NOTE1The components and the respective percentages given aredescriptive of the materials currently in common use and are not intendedas part of this specification,which is based on physical and chemicalproperties.NOTE2Types A through G are PCB-type askarels previously a
5、vail-able and still in use in the field.Recently Type H,a non-PCB askarel,wasintroduced as a retrofit and replacement.NOTE3Current governmental regulations prohibit the manufactureand sale of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).This method serves as areference for all askarels,PCB and non-PCB.2.Referenc
6、ed Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity2D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup3D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products3D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and the Calculation of DynamicViscosi
7、ty)3D 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric Titration3D 877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage ofInsulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes4D 923 Test Method for Sampling Electrical InsulatingLiquids4D 924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor(or Power Factor)and
8、 Relative Permittivity(Dielectric Constant)of Electri-cal Insulating Liquids4D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration3D 1169 Test Method for Specific Resistance(Resistivity)ofElectrical Insulating Liquids4D 1218 Test Method for Refractive Index and RefractiveDispersion
9、 of Hydrocarbon Liquids3D 1533 Test Methods for Water in Insulating Liquids(KarlFischer Reaction Method)4D 1701 Test Methods for Scavenger Content of Askarels4D 1810 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Askarels4D 1821 Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides in Askarels4D 1903 Test Method for Coefficient
10、 of Thermal Expansionof Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum Origin,andAskarels4D 2129 Test Method for Color of Water White ElectricalInsulating Liquids43.Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 askarela generic term for a group of synthetic,fire-resistant,chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons used as ele
11、c-trical insulating liquids.They have a property under arcingconditions such that any gases produced will consist predomi-nantly of noncombustible hydrogen chloride with lesseramounts of combustible gases.4.Detail Requirements4.1 Askarels for use in transformers shall conform to therequirements pres
12、cribed in Table 2.NOTE4If more convenient,a measurement of dissipation factor maybe made by Test Method D 924 in place of the resistivity measurement.Theoretical considerations indicate and experiment confirms that a strongstatistical correlation exists between the dissipation factor and resistivity
13、;however,other factors modify in practice the precise relationship pre-dicted by theory.A dissipation factor at 60 Hz and 100C that is not inexcess of 15%shall be considered satisfactory.5.Sampling and Test Methods5.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test MethodD 923,and tests shall be conduct
14、ed in accordance with the testmethods listed in Table 2.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-27 onElectrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D27.02 on Gases and Synthetic Liquids.Current edition approved Jan.31,1986.Publishe
15、d March 1986.Originallypublished as D 2283 64 T.Last previous edition D 2283 82(1985)e1.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 10.03.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.6.Key
16、words6.1 askarels;chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons;transform-ersThe American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technic
