1、Designation:D 1860 95(Reapproved 2000)Standard Test Method forMoisture and Creosote-Type Preservative in Wood1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1860;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、 revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mois-ture content in wood and is an alternative procedure for theoven drying
3、method given in Sections 124 to 127 of MethodsD 143.Its use is required when the wood contains volatile oilsor oil preservative.The test method also covers the determi-nation of the quantity of creosote or creosote-base preservativein treated wood.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of
4、 thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 143 Methods of Testing Smal
5、l Clear Specimens of Tim-ber2D 841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene3D 846 Specification for Ten-degree Xylene32.2Other Standard:AWPA A6 Method for the Determination of Oil-Type Pre-servatives and Water in Wood43.Summary of Test Method3.1 A weighed sample is extracted by refluxing in toluene
6、,xylene,or a mixed toluene-xylene solvent.Water separatesfrom the condensed vapors in a water trap,forming a separatelayer with the solvent,and the volume is measured in the watertrap.3.2 The completely extracted wood sample is weighed.Thepreservative content is determined from the total loss of wei
7、ghtless the water content.4.Significance and Use4.1 The moisture content of wood is a criteria for treatabil-ity.4.2 The preservative content of treated material is a measureof preservative penetration in new stock or permanence of thepreservative during the service life of the wood.5.Apparatus5.1 E
8、xtraction FlaskA 500-mL flask and thimble holderas shown in Fig.1.The flask and holder may be combined inone unit.5.2 CondenserA water-cooled condenser of the cold-finger type illustrated in Fig.1 or of the straight-tube,Liebigtype.5.3 Water TrapA glass tube,preferably having an insidediameter of 9.
9、0 to 10.0 mm and sealed at one end as shown inFig.1.If a trap with a stopcock is used,the stopcock shall besecurely held in place by means of a wire.The graduatedportion of the tube shall have a capacity of 10 mL.The smallestgraduation should be not greater than 0.1 mL,with the majordivisions marked
10、 1 to 10.The water trap should be chemicallyclean so that the shape of the meniscus at the end of the test isthe same as at the beginning.NOTE1The trap may be coated with a silicone resin to give a uniformmeniscus.To coat the trap,first clean it with sulfuric acidchromic acidmixture.Rinse the clean
11、trap with a silicone resin5and,after draining fora few minutes,bake for 1 h at approximately 200C.5.4 Extraction CupEither a siphon cup of suitable size ora basket made of approximately 45-mesh,stainless steel gauzeand having the approximate dimensions of 42 mm(11116in.)inoutside diameter and 127 mm
12、(5 in.)in length.The siphon cupis recommended for borings from heavily treated piling.Whena siphon cup is used,the loss of wood particles should beprevented either by placing a conical screen at the bottom ofthe siphon cup or by putting the chips or borings in a wiregauze basket which is then placed
13、 inside the siphon cup.5.5 Weighing BottleThe weighing bottle shall have aground-glass stopper and be of sufficient size to contain thewire extraction cup or siphon cup described in 5.4.5.6 RodA rod of approximately 3-mm(18-in.)diametermade of some material to which water does not adhere such astetr
14、afluoroethylene.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-7 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.06 on Treatments for WoodProducts.Current edition approved July 15,1995.Published September 1995.Originallypublished as D 1860 61 T.Last previous edition D 18
15、60 87(1994)e1.This method is substantially the same as the American Wood-Preservers Assn.Method for the Determination of Water and Oil-Type Preservatives in Wood(A6-93).Acknowledgment is made to the American Wood-Preservers Associationfor its development of the subject matter covered in this standar
16、d.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.10.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 06.04.4Available from American Wood-Preservers Association,P.O.Box 286,Wood-stock,MD 21163-0286.5Dow-Corning 1107 silicone resin has been found satisfactory for this purpose.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.5.7 Oven,having a sensitivity of 65C at 125C.5.8 Balance,having a sensitivity of 0.01 g.5.9 Swedish Increment Borer.6.Reagents6.1 Toluene,
