1、Designation:C441/C441M11Standard Test Method forEffectiveness of Pozzolans or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag inPreventing Excessive Expansion of Concrete Due to theAlkali-Silica Reaction1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C441/C441M;the number immediately following the designation indica
2、tes the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
3、effec-tiveness of pozzolans or slag in preventing the excessiveexpansion caused by reaction between aggregates and alkaliesin portland cement mixtures.The evaluation is based on theexpansion developed in mortar bars by a combination ofportland cement and a pozzolan or slag,made with reactiveaggregat
4、es(borosilicate glass),during storage under prescribedconditions of test.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Co
5、mbiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and dete
6、rmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations(Mortar-Bar Me
7、thod)C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete andMortarsC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in CementitiousMixturesC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar3.Terminology3.1 Defin
8、itions:For definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology C125.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method may be used as a preliminary orscreening test to evaluate the relative effectiveness of a numberof different materials being considered for use to preventexcessive expansion d
9、ue to alkali-silica reaction.4.2 This test method may also be used to evaluate materialsproposed for use on a particular job to prevent excessiveexpansion due to alkali-silica reaction,by testing in thequantity and in combination with the cement or cements to beused on the job.4.3 This test method d
10、oes not assess the suitability ofpozzolans or slag for use in concrete.These materials shouldcomply with Specification C618,Specification C989 or Speci-fication C1240.5.Apparatus5.1 The apparatus shall be as described in Test MethodC227.6.Materials6.1 Borosilicate Glass3Borosilicate glass granules g
11、radedaccording to Table 1 or crushed Pyrex Glass No.7740 cullet orsolid glass rod crushed and graded according to Table 1.After1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.26 on Chemical Reacti
12、ons.Current edition approved Oct.15,2011.Published November 2011.Originallyapproved in 1959.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C441/C441M05.DOI:10.1520/C0441_C0441M11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annu
13、al Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of borosilicate glass granules in the specific sizescalled for in this test method known to the committee at this time is VSI Products,LLC,Nampa,ID,83651;phone:208-4
14、68-9949;http:/ you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this st
15、andardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 the glass cullet or rod has been crushed and separated into thevarious sieve sizes,wash with a water spray over the sieve toremove adhering dust and fine particles from the aggregate.D
16、ry the portions retained on the various sieves and,unless usedimmediately,store each such portion individually in a cleancontainer provided with a tight-fitting cover.6.2 High-Alkali CementFor the preparation of mortar barsfor the preliminary or screening tests,use a blend of cement orcements that conform to Specification C150 and containbetween 0.95 and 1.05%total alkalies as sodium oxide(Na2O)calculated as%Na2O+0.658%potassium oxide(K2O).Ifblending is needed,introduce the individual cements in
