1、Designation:D117614Standard Practice forSampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of EngineCoolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1176;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of rev
2、ision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers
3、 information on sampling and pre-paring solutions of engine coolants and antirusts(Notes 1 and2).1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are approximateequivalents given for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all
4、 of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1Antirust as referred to in this practice covers productsintend
5、ed for use in automotive/light-duty and heavy-duty applications inwhich water is used as the cooling medium.NOTE2Antirust products are available in liquid and solid form.Solidsshould be handled as outlined in Annex A1.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1122 Test Method for Density or Relativ
6、e Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants By TheHydrometerD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD5931 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofEngine Coolant Concentrates and Aqueous Engine Cool-ants by Digital Density Meter3.Significance and Use3.1 This practice is used commo
7、nly by vehicle service orlaboratory personnel for sampling and preparing aqueoussolutions of engine coolants or antirust for further evaluationand testing.3.2 This practice shall be followed when sampling andpreparing aqueous solutions of products for evaluation inASTM test methods.3.3 Care must be
8、taken to ensure that a representativesample of product is taken.3.4 This practice describes several different test methods.The methods to be followed should be agreed to by the supplierand the customer.4.Sampling Concentrated Liquid Products4.1 When received,the material will preferably be in aseale
9、d,marked container.Allow the container to stand at roomtemperature(not below 20C)before attempting to obtain asample.The container and its contents shall be shaken wellbefore sampling(see Note 3).Any signs of solution separationshould be noted and appropriate samples obtained by using adecanting or
10、pipeting technique.Some samples that containmultiple phases may require the use of a separatory funnel toisolate a particular liquid layer or solids.NOTE3In the case of larger containers such as those with a nominalvolume of 20 or 200 L(5 or 55 gal),the contents should be mixedthoroughly with a stir
11、rer for at least 5 min to ensure a homogeneousmixture.The stirrer should be capable of dispersing any separated solidsand supernatant phases without drawing air into the mixture.4.2 Remove a representative sample by pipeting or siphon-ing.5.Separation of Multiphase Products5.1 If the product contain
12、s separated solids or liquids,placea representative sample obtained as described in Section 4 in aseparatory funnel.Stopper the funnel and allow to stand for atleast 16 h.Separate the various phases as follows:1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Relat
13、ed Fluids and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests.Current edition approved April 1,2014.Published April 2014.Originallyapproved in 1951.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1176 98(2008).DOI:10.1520/D1176-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the
14、 ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United Stat
15、es1 5.1.1 Remove settled liquids or solids,if present,by allow-ing them to drain out together with a minimum amount of themajor liquid phase.5.1.2 Then drain the major liquid phase into a suitablecontainer,taking care not to include any supernatant liquidphase.5.1.3 Finally,drain the supernatant pha
16、se into a separatecontainer.5.1.4 If the solids will not drain out from the separatoryfunnel,siphon off the various liquid phases in sequence fromthe top of the funnel.5.1.5 If the solid does not separate from the liquid phase butremains in suspension,separate by passing a representativesample of the product through an appropriate filter paper,usingsuction,and transfer the liquid to a storage container.6.Preparation of Aqueous Solutions6.1 Concentration is generally expressed as the percentageby
