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ASTM_C_484_-_99_2014.pdf

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1、Designation:C48499(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forThermal Shock Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C484;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revi

2、sion.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-tance to thermal shock of glazed ceramic tiles under normalconditions of use.

3、1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-p

4、riate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProductsC373 Test Method for Water Absorption,Bulk Density,Apparent Porosity,andApparent Specific Grav

5、ity of FiredWhiteware Products,Ceramic Tiles,and Glass Tiles3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor the definitions of terms used on thistest method,refer to Terminology C242.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of determining the thermalshock resistance of ceramic tiles by cycling a sample

6、 ten timesbetween the temperatures of 15 6 5C(59 6 9F)and 145 65C(293 6 9F).This test method includes two procedures,with and without immersion,for tiles with a water absorptionless than or equal to 10%and tiles with a water absorptiongreater than 10%,respectively.After completing ten cycles,the til

7、es are inspected for any damage as a result of the cycling.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for testing glazed ceramictile that are to be used in areas in which they may be subjectedto rapid or severe temperature changes.6.Apparatus6.1 Water Bath,for testing with immersion,thro

8、ugh which15 6 5C(59 6 9F)water flows at a rate of 1 gal/min.Thebath shall hold at least 5 gal(19 L)of water and shall be ofdimensions such that five whole tiles are immersed completelywhen placed in the bath vertically.6.2 Covered Water Bath,for testing without immersion,consisting of the Water Bath

9、 in 6.1 covered with an aluminumsheet and layer of aluminum grains.The aluminum sheet shallbe 5.18mm(0.204in.)thickNo.4 B&Sgage and ofdimensions such that five whole tiles can be placed glazed facedown on it.The aluminum sheet shall cover the mouth of thebath with the flow of water directed such tha

10、t it is in contactwith bottom surface of the aluminum sheet.The entire topsurface of the aluminum sheet shall be covered with a 3mm(0.197in.)thick layer of aluminum grains.The diameters ofthe aluminum grains shall be in the range of 0.3 mm(0.012 in.)to 0.6 mm(0.024 in.).6.3 Oven,capable of maintaini

11、ng a constant temperature of145 6 5C(293 6 9F).7.Sampling7.1 The test sample shall consist of five whole tiles or trimunits,selected at random from the lot to be tested.8.Procedure8.1 Before testing for resistance to thermal shock,inspectthe tiles for visible defects.To assist in detecting defects,a

12、suitable stain,such as waterproof black India ink or a 1%aqueous solution of methylene blue,may be used.Apply theink or dye solution to the face of the tiles and wipe off with adamp cloth after 1 min.All tiles should be free from defectsbefore testing.8.2 Testing With ImmersionFor tiles with a water

13、 absorp-tion less than or equal to 10%,the low temperature condition1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved Dec.1,2014.Published December

14、2014.Originallyapproved in 1961.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C484 99(2009).DOI:10.1520/C0484-99R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the stand

15、ards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 shall consist of immersing the tiles vertically in the water bath,such that they are not in contact with each other,for 5 min.8.3 Testing Withou

16、t ImmersionFor tiles with a waterabsorption greater than 10%,the low temperature conditionshall consist of placing the tiles glazed face down on thecovered water bath,such that they are not in contact with eachother,for 5 min.8.4 Testing With and Without ImmersionAfter 5 min at thelow temperature condition,immediately transfer the tiles to theoven maintained at a temperature of 145 6 5C(293 6 9F).Continue to heat the tiles in the oven until a uniform tempera-ture is achieved(usually 20 min)and t

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