1、Designation:D172916Standard Practice forVisual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences ofDiffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1729;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revisi
2、on,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThe colors of material
3、s depend on the geometric and spectral nature of the illuminating and viewingconditions.This practice specifies standard conditions for appraising the colors and color differencesof opaque specimens that are diffusely illuminated.Daylight,the natural illuminant,is usually ofprimary interest,but natu
4、ral daylight is highly variable and is not available at night or in interiorrooms,so simulated daylight is generally used.Colors may match under a light source with onespectral power distribution,but not under another,so the match is usually confirmed under anothervery different source.An incandesce
5、nt lamp of low correlated color temperature has long been usedto detect mismatches likely to appear under yellower phases of daylight or incandescent light.Industrial color matchers often verify the match with the kind of light likely to be found where theproduct is sold or used.Judgments should be
6、made by observers with superior color vision as ratedwith the FM-100 Hue Test.Even so,there may be substantial individual differences in judgments.1.Scope1.1 This practice specifies the equipment and procedures forvisual appraisal of the colors and color differences of opaquematerials that are diffu
7、sely illuminated.These specificationsare of critical importance in color matching.This practicerequires judgments by observers with a minimum of normalcolor vision and preferably superior as rated with the FM-100Hue Test as specified in Guide E1499.1.2 Critical visual appraisal of colors and color d
8、ifferencesof materials such as metallic and pearlescent paints requiresillumination that is nearly a geometric simulation of directsunlight,because such directional illumination permits obser-vation of the sparkle(glitter)and goniochromatism that char-acterize such materials.Such viewing conditions
9、are beyondthe scope of this practice.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user
10、of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D523 Test Method for Specular GlossD1535 Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell SystemD4086 Practice for Visu
11、al Evaluation of MetamerismD5531 Guide for Preparation,Maintenance,and Distributionof Physical Product Standards for Color and GeometricAppearance of CoatingsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE System1This practice is under the jurisdiction
12、 of ASTM Committee E12 on Color andAppearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.11 on VisualMethods.Current edition approved Jan.1,2016.Published February 2016.Originallyapproved in 1960.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D1729 96(2009).DOI:10.1520/D1729-16.This standard ha
13、s been approved for use by agencies of the Department ofDefense to replace Method 4249.1 of Federal Test Method Standard No 141.Consult the DoD Index of Specifications and Standards for the specific year of issuewhich has been adopted by the Department of Defense.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit
14、 the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United
15、States1 E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color EvaluationE1499 Guide for Selection,Evaluation,and Training ofObservers2.2 ISO/CIE Standard:3ISO 10526 CIE Standard Colorimetric Illuminants(1991)ISO 3664-2009 Graphic Technology and photographyViewing conditions3.Terminology3.
16、1 For definitions of appearance terms used in this practice,refer to Terminology E284.4.Significance and Use4.1 Although color measuring instruments are widely used,color matches are usually checked visually.The standardiza-tion of visual examination has greatly improved the uniformityof products and the accuracy of color matches.4.2 The use of this practice is essential for critical colormatching but is also recommended for any color appraisal,such as the choice or approval of a color.This prac
