1、Designation:C102613(Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forMeasuring the Resistance of Ceramic and Glass Tile toFreeze-Thaw Cycling1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1026;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of rev
2、ision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the procedures and equip-ment required to test either glazed or unglazed ceram
3、ic or glasstiles for resistance to repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.Tiles of any size or shape may be tested by this test method.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purpo
4、rt to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was
5、developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Doc
6、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProducts23.Summary of Test Method3.1 Adesignated test load of tile specimens is saturated withwater prior to being placed face-up in a metal water-filledcontainer inside a freezer.The water level is adjusted such thatthe tile
7、 specimens are partially submerged.A thermocouple isinserted into the bottom of the metal container such that thewater surrounding the thermocouple is the last location tofreeze and thaw.Freezing is followed by a thawing cycle usingwater that flows over the test load.The number of freeze-thawcycles
8、is recorded and after 300 cycles,the test load is visuallyexamined for damage and checked for total weight loss.4.Significance and Use4.1 The test for resistance to freezing and thawing functionsas a guide to the selection of ceramic and glass tiles suitable foroutdoor service in geographic areas su
9、bjected to freezing.Itcan serve as a test method to verify compliance with specifi-cations for ceramic and glass tiles,and provides a control testfor determining the freeze/thaw resistance of tiles beingmanufactured for exterior installations.5.Apparatus5.1 Freezing Chamber.The freezing chamber for
10、this testmethod may be of any type provided it has the capacity to coolthe test load to 27 612F(-3 614C)within a period of 3to 6 h.By adjusting the mass of the test load,any freezer canbe used in this test as long as a 3-to 6-h period to reach 27 612F(-3 614C)is achieved.See Figs.1 and 2.5.2 Freezin
11、g Container.A freezing container of such designand shape that it fits inside the freezing chamber and will allowthe test specimens to be laid flat on a tile support rack at thebottom of the container.The freezing container may be of anyconvenient size or shape(a stainless steel sink works well).Itmu
12、st have a low point in which the thermocouple can besecurely located such that the water around the thermocouplefreezes last(typically near the bottom center of the container).The water level inside the container is maintained throughoutthe test by adjusting the height of an overflow drain.See Fig.3
13、.5.3 Tile Support Rack.A rack capable of supporting the testspecimens a minimum of14in.(6 mm)above the bottom of thefreezing container in a consistent,level manner.It should berustproof,unaffected by freeze/thaw cycling and with sufficientopenings that the thawing water passes easily over and around
14、the frozen tile specimens during the thawing cycle.See Fig.4.5.4 Water Reservoir.A reservoir of sufficient volume,inwhich water is maintained at a temperature of 60 6 20F(166 11C)and used to raise the temperature of the test load to 40612F(5 614C)during the thawing cycle.See Fig.5.5.5 Water Pump.A l
15、ow-pressure water pump of sufficientcapacity to pump water from the water reservoir into the1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved Feb.1,
16、2018.Published February 2018.Originallypublished in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1026 13.DOI:10.1520/C1026-13R18.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.02.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Re
