1、Designation:C159004(Reapproved 2014)Standard Practice forAlternate Actinide Calibration for Inductively CoupledPlasma-Mass Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1590;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of
2、revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice provides guidance for an alternate linearcalibration for the determination of selected a
3、ctinide isotopesin appropriately prepared aqueous solutions by InductivelyCoupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS).This alternatecalibration is mass bias adjusted using thorium-232(232Th)anduranium-238(238U)standards.One of the benefits of thisstandard practice is the ability to calibrate for the an
4、alysis ofhighly radioactive actinides using calibration standards atmuch lower specific activities.Environmental laboratories mayfind this standard practice useful if facilities are not available tohandle the highly radioactive standards of the individualactinides of interest.1.2 The instrument resp
5、onse for a series of determinationsof known concentration of232Th and238U defines the massversus response relationship.For each standard concentration,the slope of the line defined by232Th and238U is used to derivelinear calibration curves for each mass of interest usinginterference equations.The ma
6、ss bias corrected calibrationcurves,although generated from interference equations,arespecific to the instrument operating parameters and tuning ineffect at the time of data acquisition.Because interferenceequations are part of the normal ICP-MS manufacturerssoftware package,this calibration methodo
7、logy is widelyapplicable.1.3 For this standard practice,the actinide atomic massrange that has been studied is from amu 232244.Guidance foran extended range of amu 228248 is given in this practice.1.4 Using this practice,analyte concentrations are reportedat each amu and not by element total(that is
8、,239Pu versusplutonium).1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standa
9、rd to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear MaterialsC1168 Practice for Preparation and Dissolution of PlutoniumMaterials for AnalysisC1
10、347 Practice for Preparation and Dissolution of UraniumMaterials for AnalysisC1411 Practice for The Ion Exchange Separation of Ura-nium and Plutonium Prior to Isotopic AnalysisC1414 Practice for The Separation of Americium fromPlutonium by Ion ExchangeC1463 Practices for Dissolving Glass Containing
11、Radioac-tive and Mixed Waste for Chemical and RadiochemicalAnalysisD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to nuclear materials,refer to Terminology C859.3.1.2 AMUatomic mass unit.4.Summary of Practice4.1 Calibration for the actinides
12、 by ICP-MS can be per-formed in a variety of ways with varying degrees of dataquality.An alternative calibration method has been developedto compensate for instrument mass bias using a generated massresponse curve defined by the232Th and238U data points.Themass response curve defined by232Th and238U
13、 approximatesthe mass response curve from amu 232244 as verifiedexperimentally and graphically depicted in Fig.1.The massresponse curve shown reflects the operating parameters and1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of S
14、ubcommittee C26.05 on Methods ofTest.Current edition approved Jan.1,2014.Published February 2014.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1590 04(2009).DOI:10.1520/C1590-04R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Serv
15、ice at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 tune of the particular instrument in use at the tim
16、e of datacollection.Different tuning parameters or instrumentationcould result in varying degrees of negative,neutral,or positivemass bias.Because the mass response curve defined by232Thand238U used in this standard practice is determined duringeach calibration,all potential linear variations in mass bias arecompensated for.4.2 The alternative calibration in this standard practicecombines the features of an external linear calibration at eachmass of interest with the mass bias correction of a ma
