1、Designation:C134316Standard Test Method forDetermination of Low Concentrations of Uranium in Oilsand Organic Liquids by X-ray Fluorescence1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1343;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case
2、of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the steps necessary for thepreparation and analysis by X-ray fluorescence(X
3、RF)of oilsand organic solutions containing uranium.Two different prepa-ration techniques are described.1.2 The procedure is valid for those solutions containing 20to 2000 g uranium per mLas presented to the spectrometer forthe solution technique and 200 to 50 000 g uranium per g forthe pellet techni
4、que.1.3 This test method requires the use of an appropriateinternal standard.Care must be taken to ascertain that samplesanalyzed by this test method do not contain the internalstandard or that this contamination,whenever present,has beencorrected for mathematically.Such corrections are not ad-dress
5、ed in this procedure.Care must be taken that the internalstandard and sample medium are compatible;that is,samplesmust be miscible with tri-n-butyl phosphate(TBP)and mustnot remove the internal standard from solution.Alternatively,ascatter line may be used as the internal standard.21.4 The values st
6、ated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and
7、health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 9 and Note 2.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C1110 Test Method for Determining Elements in WasteStreams by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emis
8、sionSpectroscopy(Withdrawn 2014)4C1254 Test Method for Determination of Uranium in Min-eral Acids by X-Ray FluorescenceD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry forMetals,Ores,and Related Materials2.2 NIST Document:ANSI/HPS N43.22001 Radiation Safety for
9、X-ray Diffrac-tion and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Equipment53.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee definitions in Terminology E135.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Solution standards containing 20 g uranium per mL to2000 g uranium per mL or pellet standards containing 200 to50 000 g uranium per g and an intern
10、al standard are placed ina liquid sample holder of an X-ray spectrometer and exposed toan X-ray beam capable of exciting the uranium L-emissionline and the appropriate internal standard line.The intensitiesgenerated are measured by an appropriate detector.The inten-sity ratio values obtained from th
11、ese data are used to calibratethe X-ray analyzer.Samples are prepared having a similarmatrix to fit the calibration range and measured using the sameanalytical parameters.NOTE1Yttrium,strontium,and bromine K-and thorium L-lineshave been used successfully as internal standard lines.Explanation of the
12、1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.05 on Methods ofTest.Current edition approved June 1,2016.Published July 2016.Originally approvedin 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1343 11.DOI:1
13、0.1520/C1343-16.2Andermann,G.,and Kemp,J.W.,“Scattered X-rays as Internal Standards inX-ray Spectroscopy,”Analytical Chemistry,Vol 20,No.8,1958.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum
14、e information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.5Available from U.S.Department of Commerce,National Institute of Standardsand Technology,Gaithersburg,MD 20899.Copyright ASTM Internationa
15、l,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 internal standard method of analysis is outside the scope of this testmethod and is found in several sources.6,75.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is applicable to organic solutionscontaining 20 to 2000 g uran
16、ium per mLof solution presentedto the spectrometer for the solution techniques or 200 to 50 000g uranium per g using the fused pellet technique.5.2 Either wavelength-dispersive or energy-dispersive XRFsystems may be used,provided that the software accompany-ing the system is able to accommodate the use of internalstandards.6.Interferences6.1 This test method requires the use of an internal standard.Care must be taken that the samples analyzed by this testmethod do not contain the internal standa
