1、Designation:C13596(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forTrue Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by WaterImmersion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C135;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the y
2、ear of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the det
3、ermination of truespecific gravity of refractory materials under prescribed con-ditions.It is not applicable to materials attacked by water.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are pr
4、ovided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.2.1 ExceptionThe equipment used in this standard forweights and volumes is only available in SI units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the use
5、r of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C604 Test Method for True Specific Gravity of RefractoryMaterials by Gas-Comparison PycnometerD153 Test Methods f
6、or Specific Gravity of PigmentsE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Significance and Use3.1 The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of itstrue density,determined at a specific temperature,to the truedensity of water,determined at a specific temperature.Thus,
7、the true specific gravity of a material is a primary propertywhich is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.3.2 For refractory raw materials and products the truespecific gravity is a useful value for:classification,detectingdifferences in chemical composition between supposedly likesamp
8、les,indicating mineralogical phases or phase changes,calculating total porosity when the bulk density is known,andfor any other test method which requires this value for thecalculation of results.3.3 This test method is a primary standard method which issuitable for use in specifications,quality con
9、trol,and researchand development.It can also serve as a referee test method inpurchasing contracts or agreements.3.4 Fundamental assumptions inherent in this test methodare the following:3.4.1 The sample is representative of the material in general,3.4.2 The total sample has been reduced to the part
10、icle sizespecified,3.4.3 No impurity has been introduced during processing ofthe sample,3.4.4 The sample itself is not magnetic and all magneticmaterial introduced during processing of the sample has beenremoved,3.4.5 The material is not hydratable or reactive with water,and3.4.6 The test method has
11、 been conducted in a meticulousmanner.3.4.7 Deviation from any of these assumptions negates theusefulness of the results.3.5 In interpreting the results of this test method it must berecognized that the specified sample particle size does notguarantee that all closed pores have been eliminated.Theam
12、ount of residual closed pores may vary between materials oreven between samples of the same or like materials,and thespecified sample particle size is not the same as that specifiedfor Test Method C604.The values generated by this testmethod may,therefore,be close approximations rather thanaccurate
13、representations of true specific gravities.Thus,com-parisons of results should only be judiciously made betweenlike materials tested by this test method or with full recognitionof potentially inherent differences between the materials beingcompared or the test method used.1This test method is under
14、the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on PhysicalProperties.Current edition approved March 1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 1938.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C135 96(2009).DOI:10.1520/C0135-96R1
15、5.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,W
16、est Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.Apparatus4.1 Analytical Balance,accurate to 0.1 mg.4.2 Pycnometer Bottle,50-mL,with ground-joint fittedthermometer and capillary side tube with cap.4.3 Vacuum Source,capable of 0.5 to 1.0 in.(13 to 25 mm)Hg,for use with alternative method(Note 1).NOTE1A suitable alternative evacuation method is described in TestMethods D153.5.Preparation of Sample5.1 Extract two walnut-sized pieces from different positionsin a solid specimen in such a way as to exc
