1、This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(
2、TBT)Committee.Designation:A536-84(Reapproved 2019)1NTERNATIONALStandard Specification forDuctile Iron CastingsThis standard is issued under the fixed designation A536:the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last r
3、evision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.NOTE-Footnote 3 was editorially corrected in May 2019.
4、1.Scope2.2 Military Standard:31.1 This specification covers castings made of ductile ironMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storagealso known as spheroidal or nodular iron,which is described ascast iron with the graphite substantially spheroidal in shape and3.Ordering Informationessentially free o
5、f other forms of graphite,as defined in3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include theTerminology A644following information:1.2 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-3.1.1 ASTM designation,tween the properties of the iron in various locations of the same3.1.2 Grade of
6、 ductile iron required(see Table 1,andcasting or between the properties of castings and those of a testSections 4 and 9),specimen cast from the same iron(see Appendix X1).3.1.3 Special properties,if required(see Section 7),3.1.4 If a different number of samples is required(see1.3 The values stated i
7、n inch-pound units are to be regardedSection 10),as standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematical3.1.5 Certification,if required(see Section 14),andconversions to SI units that are provided for information only3.1.6 Special preparation for delivery,if required(see Sec-and are not conside
8、red standard.tion 15).1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-4.Tensile Requirementsization established in the Decision on Principles for the4.1 The iron represented by the test specimens shall con-Development of Internation
9、al Standards,Guides and Recom-form to the requirements as to tensile properties presented inmendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalTables I and 2.The irons listed in Table I cover those inBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.general use,while those listed in Table 2 are used for speci
10、al2.Referenced Documentsapplications(such as pipes,fittings,etc.).2.1 ASTM Standards:24.2 The yield strength shall be determined at 0.2 offset byA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingthe offset method(see Test Methods E8/E8M).Other methodsof Steel Productsmay be used by mutual cons
11、ent of the manufacturer andA644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castingspurchaser.A732/A732M Specification for Castings,Investment,Car-bon and Low Alloy Steel for General Application,and5.Heat TreatmentCobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures5.1 The 60-40-18 grade will normally require a
12、 full ferritiz-E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-ing anneal.The 120-90-02 and the 100-70-03 grades generallyterialsrequire a quench and temper or a normalize and temper,or anisothermal heat treatment.The other two grades can be metThis specification is under the jurisdiction of
13、the ASTM Committee A04 oneither as-cast or by heat treatment.Ductile iron.which is heatIron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleabletreated by quenching to martensite and tempering,may haveand Ductile Iron Castings.Current edition approved May 1,2019.Published Ma
14、y 2019.Originallysubstantially lower fatigue strength than as-cast material of theapproved in 1965.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A536-84(2014).same hardnessD0L:10.1520WA0536-84R19E012 For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at ser
15、viceastm.org.For Annual Book ofASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page on3 Available from General Services Administration-Vendor Support Center,the ASTM website.https:/vsc.gsa.gov/administration/files/MIL-STD-129R.pdf.Copyright ASTM Intemational,100 Barr Harbor
16、Drive,PO Box C700.West Conshohocken.PA 19428-2959.United StatesCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):Thu May 910:32:35 EDT2019Downloaded/printed byNo further reproductions authorized4A536-84(2019)1TABLE 1 Tensile RequirementsGradeGradeGradeGradeGrade60-40-1865-45-1280-55-06100-70-03120-90-02Te
17、nsile strength.min,psi600006500080000100000120000Tensile strength,min,MPa414448552689827Yield strength,min,psi4000045000550007000090000Yield strength,min,MPa276310379483621Elongation in 2 in.or 50 mm,min,18126.03.02.0TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements for Special ApplicationsE+GradeGradeGrade60-42.1070-50
18、-0580-60-03Tensile strength,min,psi600007000080000Tensile strength,min,MPa415485555Yield strength,min,psi420005000060000Yield strength,min,MPa290345415Elongation in 2 in.or 50 mm,10min,AEY-Block Size6.Test CouponsFor CastingsFor CastingsFor Castings6.1 The separately cast test coupons from which the
19、 tensionof Thicknessof Thicknessof ThicknessDimenLess ThanV in.test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape(13 mm)toof 1%in.sions12 in.(38mm)shown in Fig.I or Fig.2.A modified keel block cast from the(13mm)11 in.and Overmold shown in Fig.3 may be substituted for the 1-in.Y-block(3
20、8mm)or the 1-in.keel block.The test coupons shall be cast in openin.mmin.mmin.mmmolds made of suitable core sand having a minimum wallA325751%02%5125thickness of 12 in.(38 mm)for the 2-in.(12.5-mm)and 1-in.2503754100(25-mm)sizes and 3 in.(75 mm)for the 3-in.size.The1001508200coupons shall be left in
21、 the mold until they have cooled to aE71751757175approxapproxapproxapproxapproxapproxblack color(approximately 900F(482 C)or less).The sizeof coupon cast to represent the casting shall be at the option ofFIG.2 Y-Blocks for Test Couponsthe purchaser.In case no option is expressed,the manufacturershal
22、l make the choice.6.2 When investment castings are made to this specification,the manufacturer may use test specimens cast to size incorpo-rated in the mold with the castings,or separately cast to sizeusing the same type of mold and the same thermal conditionsthat are used to produce the castings.Th
23、ese test specimensshall be made to the dimensions shown in Fig.I of Specifica-2岁tion A732/A732M or Figs.5 and 6 of Test Methods andDefinitions A370.6.3 The manufacturer may use separately cast test couponsor test specimens cut from castings when castings made to thisspecification are nodularized or
24、inoculated in the mold.Sepa-Rad.rately cast test coupons shall have a chemistry that is repre-1号sentative of castings produced from the ladle poured and acooling rate equivalent to that obtained with the test moldsshown in Figs.I and 2,Figs.4-6,or Appendix X2.The size(cooling rate)of the coupon chos
25、en to represent the casting-1-1should be decided by the purchaser.If test coupon size is notMetric Equivalentsspecified,the manufacturer shall make the choice.When testmmin.bars will be cut from castings,test bar location shall be agreed12.71归on by the purchaser and manufacturer and indicated on the
26、125.4228casting drawing.The manufacturer shall maintain sufficientNorE 1-The length of the keel block shall be 6 in.(152 mm).controls and control documentation to assure the purchaser thatproperties determined from test coupons or test bars areFIG.1 Keel Block for Test Couponsrepresentative of casti
27、ngs shipped.Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):Thu May 910:32:35 EDT 2019Downloaded/printed byNo further reproductions authorizedA536-84(2019)e1Minimum Radius Recommended8.2 Castings shall not have chilled corners or center chill in-in.but not less than in.areas to be machined.Permitted.29.
28、Chemical RequirementsParallel Section9.1 It is the intent of this specification to subordinate0.500.01chemical composition to mechanical properties:however,anychemical requirements may be specified by agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.2+0.005Gage Length forElongation after Fracture
29、Metric Equivalents10.Number of Tests and Retestsin.mmin.mm10.1 The number of representative coupons poured and0.0050.130.5012.70.102.5tested shall be established by the manufacturer,unless other-250.8海3.2wise agreed upon with the purchaser.%9.52%57.210.2 In the case of the Y-block,the section shall
30、be cut fromNorE 1-The gage length and fillets shall be as shown,but the endsthe block as shown in Fig.4.If any tension test specimenmay be of any shape to fit the holders of the testing machine in such a wayshows obvious defects,another may be cut from the same testthat the load shall be axial.The r
31、educed section shall have a gradual taperblock or from another test block representing the same metal.from the ends toward the center,with the ends 0.003 to 0.005 in.(0.08 to0.13 mm)larger in diameter than the center.11.Tension Test SpecimenFIG.5 Standard Round Tension Test Specimen with 2-in.or11.1
32、 The standard round tension test specimen with a 2-in.50-mm Gage Lengthor 50-mm gage length shown in Fig.5 shall be used,exceptwhen the V2-in.(12.7-mm)Y-block coupon is used.In this case,1.4GAGEeither of the test specimens shown in Fig.6 shall be satisfac-LENGTHtory.6=0.3570.00712.Responsibility for
33、 Inspection1 REDUCEDSECTION12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder,the supplier is responsible for the performance of all1.0GAGEinspection requirements as specified herein.Except as other-LENGTHwise specified in the contract or order,the supplier may use his我own or any other
34、 facilities suitable for the performance of the.2520.005inspection requirements specified herein,unless disapprovedREDUCEDby the purchaser.The purchaser reserves the right to performany of the inspections set forth in the specification where suchMetric Equivalentsinspections are deemed necessary to
35、ensure supplies andmmin.mmservices conform to prescribed requirements.0.0050.131.025.40.0070.181%31.813.Identification Marking0.2526.401.435.60.3579.071%44.413.1 When size permits,each casting shall be identified byNorE 1-If desired,the length of the reduced section may be increasedthe part or patte
36、rn number in raised numerals.Location ofto accommodate an extensometer.marking shall be as shown on the applicable drawing.FIG.6 Examples of Small-Size Specimens Proportional to Stan-14.Certificationdard V2-in.(12.7-mm)Round Specimen14.1 When agreed upon in writing by the purchaser and theseller,a c
37、ertification shall be made the basis of acceptance ofthe material.This shall consist of a copy of the manufacturers7.Special Requirementstest report or a statement by the seller,accompanied by a copy7.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,of the test results,that the material has been s
38、ampled,tested,castings shall meet special requirements as to hardness,chemi-and inspected in accordance with provisions of this specifica-cal composition,microstructure,pressure tightness,radio-tion.Each certification so furnished shall be signed by angraphic soundness,magnetic particle inspection d
39、imensions,authorized agent of the seller or manufacturer.and surface finish.15.Preparation for Delivery8.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance15.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase8.1 The castings shall be smooth,free of injurious defects,order,cleaning,drying,preservation,and packa
40、ging of castingand shall conform substantially to the dimensions of theshall be in accordance with manufacturers commercial prac-drawing or pattern supplied by the purchaser.tice.Packing and marking shall also be adequate to ensureCopyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):Thu May 910:32:35 EDT 201
41、94Downloaded/printed byNo further reproductions authorized46A536-84(2019)1acceptance and safe delivery by the carrier for the mode of16.Keywordstransportation employed.16.1 casting;ductile iron;nodular iron;spheroidal graphite15.2 Government Procurement-When specified in the con-tract or purchase or
42、der,marking for shipment shall be inaccordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-129.APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1.MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CASTINGSX1.1 The mechanical properties of iron castings are influ-various locations of the same casting or between the propertiesenced by the cooling ra
43、te during and after solidification,byof a casting and those of a test specimen cast from the samechemical composition,by heat treatment,by the design andiron.When such a relationship is important and must be knownnature of the mold,by the location and effectiveness of gatesfor a specific application
44、,it may be more closely ascertained byand risers,and by certain other factors.appropriate experimentation.X1.2 The cooling rate in the mold and,therefore,theX1.3 When reliable information is unavailable on the rela-properties developed in any particular section are influenced bytionship between prop
45、erties in a casting and those in athe presence of cores,chills and chaplets,changes in sectionthickness,and the existence of bosses,projections,andseparately cast test specimen,and where experimentationintersections,such as junctions of ribs and bosses.Because ofwould be unfeasible,the size of the t
46、est casting should be sothe interactions of these factors,no precise quantitative rela-selected as to approximate the cooling rate of the main ortionship can be stated between the properties of the iron incontrolling section of the casting.X2.Y-BLOCK SELECTIONX2.1 As a general guide for selection of
47、 the proper Y-block,TABLE X2.1 Equivalent Geometric Shapes Correspondingthe tabulation in Table X2.1,based on cooling rates,shows,forto Y-Blocksvarious test coupons,the equivalent geometric shapes withY-Block Size,Infinite Plate Round Diameter,in.Cube Edge,in.various dimensions.in.(mm)Thickness,in.(mm)(mm)(mm)h(12.7刀0.5(12.71.230.5)1.75(44.4)1(25.4)0.9(22.9)1.75(44.4)2.75(69.8)3(76.2)1.6(40.6)3.1(78.7)4.8(121.9)Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved):Thu May 910:32:35 EDT 2019 5Downloaded/printed byNo further reproductions authorized
