1、Designation:E296214Standard Guide forFleet Management1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2962;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of l
2、ast reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide addresses considerations for effectively man-aging fleets of mobile assets.1.2 This guide primarily addresses fleets of non-tacticalmotor vehicles and aircraft but may also
3、include other com-modity groups such as waterborne vessels and specializedmobile assets.1.3 This guide does not override or increase requirementsspecific to governmental authorities.However,to the greatestextent practicable,the guidance in this guide should beconsidered by these entities where effic
4、iencies may be gained.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to
5、use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2135 Terminology for Property and Asset ManagementE2306 Practice for Disposal of Personal PropertyE2608 Practice for Equipment Control Matrix(ECM)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:For definitions related to property and assetmanagement,refer to Terminology E
6、2135.3.1.1 fleet,ngrouping of similar assets that are designed tobe mobile.3.1.1.1 DiscussionTypical fleets include motor vehicles,aircraft,and vessels.Fleets may also include wheeled trailersof various types that are intended and licensed for on-road useand towed by vehicles operated by a driver.A
7、fleet may berestricted to one location or may be national or international.3.1.2 motor vehicles,nmotor vehicles are non-tactical;usually operated by a driver but may be remotely or autono-mously controlled;owned or leased in both the public andprivate sectors;may include both light and heavy duty as
8、sets;and,operate either on-or off-road.3.2 Acronyms:3.2.1 EVMEarned value management.3.2.2 FMISFleet management information system.3.2.3 GVWRGross vehicle weight rating.3.2.4 OEMOriginal equipment manufacturer.3.2.5 TCOTotal cost of ownership(may also refer to asLCC;Life Cycle Cost).3.2.6 VINVehicle
9、 identification number.4.Summary of Guide4.1 Entities should be able to realize significant cost savingsand increases in efficiency when fleet assets are managedstrategically and holistically.4.2 An individual fleet asset(for example,a single sedan)may be managed as such(an individual asset)under ot
10、herASTM International asset management standards,but there areadditional economies to be gained if the fleet is consideredholistically.For example,an entity may realize reduced main-tenance costs because of commonality of maintenance parts,test equipment,and breadth of expertise required of mainte-n
11、ance personnel.4.3 Effective management of fleet assets is multi-faceted.An entity can choose the effort and resources dedicated to itsfleet management effort based on factors such as the entitysmission,its level of investment in the fleet assets,the com-plexity of the assets themselves,and the risk
12、s correlated to theassets availability.4.4 The goal of effective fleet asset management is tomaximize the value to the entity while ensuring availability tofulfill the mission and minimizing exposure to risks.4.5 Fleet management is separate and distinct from fleetoperations.Effective fleet manageme
13、nt incorporates appropri-ate strategic operational policies.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E53 on AssetManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E53.08 on Manage-ment of Fleet Assets.Current edition approved June 1,2014.Published June 2014.DOI:10.1520/E2962
14、142For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,W
15、est Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Significance and Use5.1 This guide promotes the considerations that may beapplied to the management of fleet assets as a business processof the entity.5.2 The central objective of this guide is to ensure that fleetassets are managed in a manner best su
16、ited to the entity takinginto account the needs and mission of the entity and therespective capabilities of the assets.5.3 Measuring and managing the effectiveness of a fleetprogram will result in improved accountability and enhancedoperational performance.Accountability will be evidentthrough standard performance measures such as cost savings,increased asset utilization,extended asset life,and increasedmission effectiveness.6.Decision Process6.1 AssetsEntities will consider which management met
