1、Designation:E299615Standard Guide forWorkforce Education in Nanotechnology Health and Safety1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2996;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number
2、 in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide provides guidelines for basic workforceeducation in health and safety topics related to nanotechnology,to be taught at an undergraduat
3、e college level.This educationshould be broad to prepare an individual to work safely withinoneofthemanyareasinnanotechnologyresearch,development,or manufacturing.The individual so educatedmaybeinvolvedinmaterialhandling,manufacture,distribution,storage,use,or disposal of nanoscale materials.1.2 Thi
4、s guide may be used to develop or evaluate aneducation program for health and safety issues in the nano-technology field.This guide provides listings of key topics thatshould be covered in a nanotechnology education program onthis subject,but it does not provide specific course material tobe used in
5、 such a program.This approach is taken in order toallow workforce education entities to ensure their programscover the required material while also enabling these institu-tions to tailor their programs to meet the needs of their localemployers.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded ass
6、tandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the appli
7、ca-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.The immediate andlong term hazards,if any,of many nanomaterials are unknown.This guide does not address concerns with consumer usage andeventual disposal of products that contain nanomaterials.1.5 This guide may not cover knowledge and skill objec-tiv
8、es applicable to local conditions or required by localregulations.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2456 Terminology Relating to Nanotechnology2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO/TS 27687 NanotechnologiesTerminology and Defini-tions for Nano-ObjectsNanoparticle,Nanofibre,andNanoplate3.Terminology3.1 Def
9、initions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms related to nanotechnology ingeneral,refer to Terminology E2456 and ISO/TS 27687.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 nanomaterial,nmaterial with any external dimen-sion in the nanoscale or having internal structure or surfacestructure in th
10、e nanoscale.3.2.2 nanoscale,adjhaving one or more dimensions fromapproximately 1 to 100 nanometres(nm).3.2.3 nanomanufacturing,nfabrication of nanomaterial orthe incorporation of nanomaterials into other products.4.Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide a basic educa-tional
11、structure in the health and safety aspects of nanotech-nology to organizations developing or carrying out educationprograms for the nanotechnology workforce.This guide helpsto describe the minimum knowledge base for anyone involvedin nanomanfacturing or nanomaterials research.4.2 The basic education
12、 should prepare an individual forvaried roles in the nanotechnology workplace.The material inthis guide may require a post-secondary two-year science ortechnology background to be understood sufficiently.Depth onthe topics should be sufficient to transfer between various1This guide is under the juri
13、sdiction of ASTM Committee E56 on Nanotech-nology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E56.07 on Education andWorkforce Development.Current edition approved Jan.1,2015.Published March 2015.DOI:10.1520/E2996-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact A
14、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,CP 56,CH-1211 Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.org.
15、Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 applicationsofnanotechnologysuchasnanomaterialfabrication,nanomaterial characterization,nanolithographyand patterning.4.3 Nanoscale materials might present unique health andenvironmental haz
16、ards due to their unique properties.Thehazards,if any,presented by nanomaterials can be verydifferent from those presented by bulk/macroscopic materials.4.4 Because nanotechnology is a rapidly developing field,the individual educated in nanotechnology needs to be cogni-zant of changing and evolving safety procedures and practices.Individuals should be aware of how to keep current on thetechnology,and have a base education that enables synthesis ofemerging safety procedures and practices.5.Course
