1、ENEPANbHOE ArEHTCTBOnO TEXHNYECKOMY PErYJNPOBAHNIO N METPONOWNHAUNOHANbHbINOCT P VCO/ACTMCTAHAAPTPOCCNNCKON51900-EDEPA4MM2013PyKoBOACTBo no o3nMetpnn npn nccnenoBaHnnBnNAHNA pannaunn Ha nnweBble NcenbCKoXO3ANCTBeHHbIe nponyKTblIS0/ASTM51900:2009Guide for dosimetry in radiation research on food and a
2、gricultural products(IDT)M3 gaHne o中nunanbHoeMocKBaCTaHnapTMH中opM2014TOCT P VCO/ACTM 51900-2013npenncnoBne1几OOTOBNEHenepanbHblM rocynapcTBeHHbIM yHMTapHblM npennpMATneMBcepoccnncknnHay4HO-MccnenoBaTenbCKNN WHCTNTyT N3WKO-TeXHNyecKnx N pannoTexHnyeCKnx N3MepeHnN(ynBHVNOTPM)Ha OCHOBe ayTeHTN4Horo nepe
3、Bona MexnyHapo Horo CTaHnapTa,yka3aHHoro B nyHKTe 42 BHECEH TexHMueCKMM KOMNTeTOM no CTaHAapTn3ayMn TK 335 MeTOAbl ncnblTaHMarponpoMblwneHHon nponyKuNN Ha be3onacHOCTb3 yTBEPKAEH M BBELEH B DEMCTBME npnka3oM enepanbHoro areHTCTBa no TexHMyecKoMyperynnpoBaHnio n MeTponorn OT 28 MIOHA 2013 r.Ne 366-CT
4、4 HacToaunn CTaHnapT nneHTnueH MexnyHapo HoMy CTaHnapTy VCO/ACTM 51900:2009PyKOBOCTBO no 03MMeTpnn npn MccnenoBaHwn BnMAHNA pannaunn Ha nmweBble NcenbCKoxo3aMcTBeHHble npoAyKTbI(ISO/ASTM 51900:2009 Guide for dosimetry in radiation research onfood and agricultural products)5 BBENEH BEPBbIEnpaeuna npu
5、MeHeHua Hacmoaweao cmaHdapma ycmaHoeneHbl e rOCT P 1.0-2012(pa3den 8).VHobopMauua o6 u3MeHeHuAx K HacmoaweMy cmaHdapmy nyonukyemca 6 exke2o0HOM(no cocmoAHulO Ha1 aHeapa mekywe2o aoda)UHg中opMauuOHHOM yKa3 ameneHauuOHanbHble cmaHdapmbl,aocbuuuanbHblu mekcm u3MeHeHuu u nonpaBok-e exkeMecaYHOM UHobopMau
6、uoHHOM yKa3ameneHauuoHanbHble cmaHoapmbI.B cnyyae nepecmompa(3aMeHbI)unu omMeHbl Hacmoawe2o cmaHdapmacoomeemcmeyiowee yeedoMneHue bydem onyonukoeaHo B onuxauweM Bbinycke UHobopMauuoHHo20yka3ameng HauuoHanbHble cmaHdapmbl.Coomeemcmeylowag UHobopMauug,yeedoMneHue u mekcmblpa3Mewalomca makke 6 UHobopMa
7、uuoHHou cucmeMe obweao nonb3o6aHua Ha oobuuuanbHOM caumeedepanbHoao aaeHmcmea no mexHuyeckoMy peaynupoeaHuio u Memponoauu 6 cemu MHmepHem(gost.ru)CTaHnapTWH中0pM,2014HacToAwnn CTaHgapT He MoXKeT 6bITb nonHOCTblo Nnn yacTNYHO Bocnpon3BeneH,ThpaxknpoBaH WpacnpocTpaHeH B KayecTBe oonunanbHoro N3naHNA 6e
8、3 pa3peweHna enepanbHoro areHTCTBa noTeXHNyeCKoMy perynnpoBaHnio n MeTponornnTOCT P VCO/ACTM 51900-2013HAUMOHANbHbIN CTAHAAPT P OC C MM C K ON E A E P AU NNPyKoBOACTBo no o3nMeTpnn npn nccnegoBaHnn BnNAHna papnaunn Ha nnweBble ncenbCKOXo3ANCTBeHHble nponyKTblGuide for dosimetry in radiation research
9、 on food and agricultural productsAaTa BBeneHna 2014-07-011 O6nacTb npNMeHeHNA1.1 DaHHoe pyKoBOACTBo conepKnT MNHNManbHble Tpe6oBaHna no Ao3nMeTpnn,Heo6xoAnMon npnnpoBeneHnn nccnenoBaHnn no BnNAHNIo pannaunn Ha nnweBble n cenbCKoXo39NCTBeHHble nponyKTblTakne NccnenoBaHNA BKnIOyaIOT B ce6A yCTaHoBneH
10、ne konwyeCTBeHHoN 3aBNCNMOCTN Mexkny nornoweHHONAo3 ON M COOTBeTCTByIO叫MMM3中中eKTaMn B yka3 aHHbIX nponyKTax.B naHHOM pyKoBOnCTBe ocBe山eHblo6wne Bonpocbl 03NMeTpnn B Taknx NccnenoBaHnax n nyonnkaunax nx pe3ynbTaToB.03NMeTpNaOMKHa paccMaTpnBaTbCa kak HeoTbeMneMa yacTb 3kcnepnMeHTa.n p n M e y a H e 1-
11、CAC pa3pa6oTana MexAyHapoAHbin O6wmn cTaHAapT n npaKTwueckni KoAekc,BKOTopblX paccMoTpeHbl Bonpocbl npnMeHeHna pannaunn An o6pa6oTkn nnweBblx npoAyKToB.B 3TMX AoKyMeHTaxoco6o noAuepKHyTa ponb Ao3MMeTpnn,npnMeHeHne KoTopon rapaHTnpyeT coononeHne npaBnn pannaynoHHoNo6pa6oTKn 1.n p M e y a H M e 2-naHH
12、oe pyKoBOACTBo conepxnT cnpaBouHyo WHdbopMaylio B BMAe npwMeyaHwn.nonb3oBaTenn Takke AonxHbl o6pawaTbca K ccbinkaM,npMBeeHHbIM B KOHye cTaHAapTa,a kpoMe Toro KHeo6xoANMoN HayHoN nMTepaType no BonpocaM MeTononornn 3kcnepnMeHTa B o6nacTn Ao3MMeTpnn 2-10.1.2HacToawee pyKoBOACTBO OTHOCNTCA K nccnenoBaHN
13、aM c ncnonb3oBaHneM cnenylownxBNAOB NOHN3NpylowenraMMa-w3nyyeHne,peHtreHoBCKoe(TOpMO3Hoe)M3neKTpoHHble nyuKN.1.3 B HacToaweM pyKoBOACTBe npnBeneHbl Tpe6oBaHn K Ao3NMeTpnn kak npn Bblpa6oTke3kcnepNMeHTanbHoroMeTona,Tak N B CTaHAapTHbIX(pyTMHHbIX)3KcnepnMeHTax.B HeM HepaccMaTpnBaloTCa TpeboBaHN K 03NM
14、eTpnn npn oueHke KayecTBa MOHTaxka Nnn npn oueHkeonepayMoHHoro KavecTBa ycTaHoBOK n o6nyueHMA.3TW acneKTbl paccMaTpnBaloTCa B PyKOBOACTBax1SO/ASTM51204,51431,51608,51649M51702.1.4 naHHoe pyKoBOnCTBO He HaueneHo Ha To,4TO6bl orpaHn4MTb 3kcnepMMeHTatopa B BblbopeMeToANKN 3KcnepnMeHTa.3anaya pyKoBOnCTB
15、a CoCTONT B TOM,4TO6bl rapaHtnpoBaTb npaBnnbHbin BbioopNCTOYHNKa n3nyueHNA N MeTOANKN 3KcnepnMeHTa,npn KOTopOM pe3ynbTaTbl 3kcnepNMeHta 6binn noHATHbIw none3Hbl ApyrM NccnenoBaTenAM N pyKoBOAAWM opraHn3aLNaM.1.5 npn N3MepeHNaX Heo6xOANMo npnHNMaTb BO BHNMaHne cyMMapHylo HeonpeneneHHOCTbnornoweHHon n
16、03bl pannaunn n ee Bapnaunn no o6beMy oonyueHHoro oopa3ua(CM.PyKOBOnCTBOISO/ASTM 51707).1.6 HacToAwNn CTaHnapT He CTaBMT CBoen uenblo oCBeTNTb Bce Bonpocbl,MMelowne OTHoweHNe K6e3onacHOCTn pa6oTbl npn ero npnMeHeHnn,ecnn TaKoBble NMelOTCA.Ha nonb3oBaTene cTaHAapTa neKMTOTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a BblpaboTky
17、ocTaToYHbIX Mep 6e3onacHoCTn nepen HayanoM pa6oT c yueTOMHOpMaTNBHbIX orpaHnyeHNn.2 HopMaTnBHble ccbinkn2.1 CTaHgapTbI ASTM:1)E170 TepMnHonor9,OTHoCAwaAca K paanaynoHHbIM N3MepeHMAM N A03NMeTpnn1no eonpocy ccbinok Ha CTaHAaPT ASTM IOASTM CM.BecaT ASTM,www.astmr nM o6paTMTectB ASTM Customer Service n
18、o aApecy serviceastm.org.3a MHdopMaymen o conepxaHnn ExeaooHo KHuaucmaHoapmoe ASTM o6paTMTecb K CBO HON cTpaHnue noKyMeHTOB Ha Be6caNTe ASTM.M3 aHHe o中AUHaJbHoeTOCT P VCO/ACTM 51900-2013E 925 PyKoBOACTBo no npoBeneHno kann6poBkn yo-cnekTpodoToMeTpoB n cnekTpodoToMeTpoBBWANMoN yacTn cnekTpa co cnekTp
19、anbHbIM pa3peweHneM bonee 2 HME1026 npaKTnka npnMeHeHna CnCTeMbl 3TanoHHbIX A03NMeTpnyecKnx CTaHAapToB pnkeE 2232 PyKOBOACTBO no Bbl6opy n ncnonb30BaHnIo MaTeMaTnueCKnx MeTOAOB pacueTanornoweHHON 03bI B 3anayax oopaooTkn naHHbIX no pannaunnE 2303 PyKoBOCTBO no kapTnpoBaHnlo nornoweHHbIX 03 Ha ycTaHo
20、Bkax no oopa6oTke naHHbIXE 2304 npaktnka npnMeHeHna coToonyopecueHTHon nneHoYHon Ao3NMeTpnyeckon CncTeMbI HaOCHOBe LiFE2381 PyKOBOACTBo no Ao3nMeTpnn npn pannaynoHHon 06paboTke pa3nkeHHbIX 06pa3oBaHnn nnOTOKOB XKMAKOCTMF 1355 PyKOBOACTBo no pannaynoHHoN 06pa6oTke cBexen cenbCKoXo3ANCTBeHHon npoAyKuw
21、n BkayecTBe dNtocaHnTapHon MepblF 1356 PyKOBOACTBo no panmaynoHHon o6pa6oTKe CBexkero n 3aMopoxkeHHoro KpacHoro MAca nMAca nTNubl An orpaHnyeHNA conepKaHnA natoreHOB M Apyrnx MMKpoopraHn3MOBF 1640 PyKOBOACTBo no Bbl6opy n npnMeHeHnio ynaKoBouHbIx MatepnanoB nnweBbIxnponyKTOB,nonBepraeMbix pannaunoHH
22、on oopaboTkeF 1736 PyKOBOACTBo no panaynoHHOMy o6nyueHno pbi6bl BOAHbIX 6ecno3BOHOYHbIX,wcnonb3yeMbIX B nwwy,n orpaHnyeHNA conepKaHna natoreHOB M rHWnOCTHbIX MWKpoopraHN3MOBF 1885 PyKoBOACTBo no pannaynoHHOMy o6nyueHnlo cyxnx cneunn,TpaB n npnnpaB AorpaHnyeHna conepaHna naToreHOB N Apyrnx MnKpoopraH
23、n3MOB2.2 CTaHgapTbI ISO/ASTM:1)51204 PyKoBOCTBO no 03NMeTpNn Ha raMMa-ycTaHoBKax n pannaunoHHoN obpaboTKNnM山eBblx npoyKToB51205 PyKOBOACTBo no npnMeHeHnIO A03nMeTpnyeckon CncTeMbl Ha OCHOBe yepna-cynboatauepna51261 PyKOBOCTBo no Bbibopy n KannopoBke 03NMeTpnyecknx CnCTeM nnA pannaunoHHon06pa6oTKM nN
24、wN51275 PyKOBOACTBo no npnMeHeHnlo A03nMeTpnyecKon CNCTeMbl Ha OCHOBe paanoxpoMHbix nneHoK51276PyKOBOACTBOno npMMeHeHNIO03NMeTpnyeckonCKCTeMbl HaOCHOBenonNMeTNnMeTakpnnata51310 CnCTeMa no3NMeTpnyecka c ncnonb3oBaHneM panwoxpoMHoro onTnyeckoro BonHOBOAa.npakTnyeckoe pyKoBOCTBo no npnMeHeHnIO51431 PyK
25、oBOACTBo no o3nMeTpnn npn 06paboTke nnweBbix nponyKToB 3neKTpoHHbIMn nyukaMn WpeHtreHOBCKNM(TOPMO3HbIM)N3nyueHneM51538 CncTeMa Ao3MMeTpnyecka Ha OCHOBe 3TaHonxnop6eH3ona.npaKTnueckoe pyKoBOACTBOno nplMeHeHNIO51540 PyKOBOCTBO no npMMeHeHNIO KMAKOCTHOM pannoxpoMHON 03MeTpnuecKon CNCTeMbI51607 PyKOBOAC
26、TBO no npnMeHeHNIO A03NMeTpnyeckon CnCTeMbl C ncnonb30BaHneM3P.cneKTpockonwn anaHnHa51608 PyKOBOACTBo no Ao3NMeTpnn B ycTaHoBKax no pannaynoHHon o6paboTke peHtreHOBCKNM(TOpMO3HbIM)N3nyyeHneM51649 npakTnueckoe pyKoBOACTBo no Ao3NMeTpnn Ha ycTaHoBKax ana pannaynoHHon 06pa6oTKnoneKTpoHHbIM nyYKOM C 3He
27、prnen 3nekTpoHOB OT 300 K3B o 25 M3B.51650 CnCTeMa no3nMeTpnueckaa Ha oCHoBe TpnayeTaTa uenniono3bl.npakTnueckoe pyKoBOACTBOno npNMeHeHNIO51702 PyKoBOCTBo no no3MMeTpnn Ha raMMa-yCTaHoBKax nna pannaunoHHoN o6pa6oTKn51707 PyKoBOnCTBo no oueHke HeonpeneneHHocTen B n03WMeTpnn npn panmaunoHHon o6pa6oTke
28、51818 npakTnueckoe pyKoBOACTBo no Ao3nMeTpnn Ha ycTaHoBKax ana paanaynoHHon o6pa6oTKn3neKTpoHHbIM nyuKOM C 3Heprnen 3neKTpoHOB OT 80 o 300 K3B.51956 npakTnueckoe pyKoBOACTBo no npnMeHeHnIO CncTeM TepMOnOMNHecueHTHON A03NMeTpnn(TLD)na pannaunoHHon o6pa6oTkn.1)no Bonpocy ccbinok Ha CTaHAapTbl ASTM M I
29、SO/ASTM CM.Be6caNT ASTM,www.astm.ord,nnM o6paTnTecbB ASTM Customer Service no anpecy serviceastm.org.3a WHdopMaylen o conepxaHwn ExeaodHo KHuaucmaHdapmoe ASTM o6paTnTecb K CBO HoN CTpaHNye AokyMeHTOB Ha Be6canTe ASTM.2TOCT P VCO/ACTM 51900-20132.3 Omyembl MexkoyHapooHou KoMuccuu no paduauuoHHbIM edu
30、HuuaM u u3MepeHuAM(ICRU):ICRU 60 Fundamental Quantities and Units for lonising Radiation2.4 Omyem NPL:CIRM 29:Guidelines for Calibration of Dosimeters for Use in Radiation Processing,Sharpe,P.,andMiller,A.,August,1999np M e y a H n e-npn nonb3oBaHnn HacToRWNM cTaHAapToM yenecoobpa3Ho npoBepnTb AencT
31、BMeCCblno4Hblx CTaHAapTOB B WH中opMaLNoHHOM CNCTeMe o6山ero nonb3 oBaHN一HaO中MuManbHOM caNTeeepanbHoroareHTCTBa no TexHnyecKoMy perynnpoBaHnio n MeTponornn B ceTn MHTepHeT wnn no exeroAHoMy MHoopMayMoHHOMyyka3aTeno&HayMoHanbHble cTaHAapTbl,KoTopbIN ony6nMKoBaH no CocTOAHWIO Ha 1 AHBapa Tekywero rona,n
32、noBbinyckaM exkeMecAyHoro NHdopMayMoHHoro yKa3aten HayNoHanbHble CTaHAapTbl3a Tekywnn ron Ecnn 3aMeHeHCCbInoyHbIn CTaHnapT,Ha KoTopbin AaHa HeAatnpoBaHHa ccbinka,To peKoMeHAyeTca wcnonb3oBaTb AencTBylowyioBepCNIO 3Toro CTaHnapTa c yueToM Bcex BHeceHHbIX B AaHHylo Bepcnio N3MeHeHNN.Ecnn 3aMeHeH cCbin
33、oyHbINcTaHnapT,Ha KoTopbin AaHa AaTnpoBaHHa ccbinka,To peKoMeHAyeTcA Ncnonb3oBaTb Bepcno 3Toro cTaHAapta cyka3aHHbIM Bblwe roAoM yTBepxAeHnA(npNHATNA).Ecnw nocne yTBepxAeHn HacToawero cTaHAapTa B cCbInoyHbIMCTaHnapT,Ha KoTopbln AaHa naTnpoBaHHa ccbinka,BHeceHo N3MeHeHNe,3aTparBarowee nonoxkeHne,Ha K
34、oTopoeAaHa ccbinka,To 3To nonoxeHne peKoMeHnyeTc npNMeHATb 6e3 yueTa naHHoro N3MeHeHNA.Ecnn ccbinoyHbIMCTaHnapT OTMeHeH 6e3 3aMeHbl,To nonoxeHne,B KOTopOM aHa ccbinka Ha Hero,peKoMeHnyeTca npWMeHATb B uacTN,He 3aTparBarowen 3Ty ccbinky.3 TepMNHonorna3.1 OnpedeneHua:3.1.1 noanoweHHan do3a,(D):KonmyeC
35、TBO 3Heprnn NOHn3npylowero n3nyueHnA,nornoweHHoM BeAnHnue Maccbl onpeneneHHoro BewecTBa.EAMHnua B CnCTeMe CM nornoweHHon Ao3bl-rpen(Gy),rAe 1 rpen ABnAeTCA 3KBMBaneHTOM nornoweHNA 1 aKoynA Ha knnorpaMM Maccbl naHHoro BewecTBa(1Gy 1 K/kr).MaTeMaTnyeckoe onpeneneHne 3Ton 3aBNCNMOCTM-yacTHoe OT neneHna
36、 d Ha dm,rned&cpeaHee 3HayeHne AnocepeHunanbHon 3Heprnn,nepenaHHon noHn3npylownM n3nyyeHnemBe山eCTBy AM中epeHunanbHon Maccbl dm.D=dE/dm(1)】n p MM e y a H w e-PaHee wcnonb3oBaBwaaca eMHnya nornoweHHon no3bl pan(1 pan 100 3pr/r0,01 Gy).nornoweHHylo o3y MHorna Ha3blBaoT npocTo Ao3oN.3.1.2 KapmupoeaHue no
37、anoweHHoudo3bI(onpedeneHue npocmpaHcmeeHHo20pacnpedeneHua noanoweHHou do3bl):V3MepeHne nornoweHHoN 03bI BHyTpn oonyueHHoro nponyKTaana nonyyeHNA OnHO-,AByx-,n TpexMepHoro pacnpeneneHna nornoweHHon no3bl,B uenax onpeneneHNAKapTbl 3HayeHnn nornoweHHON 03bl.3.1.3 MowHocmb noanoweHHou d03bI D:nornoweHHa
38、 B MaTepnane no3a,OTHeceHHa KenHMue BpeMeHn,npnpaweHne dD 3a BpeMa dt(CM.ICRU 60).D=dD/dt(2)enMHMua Gys3.1.4 akkpedumoeaHHasHa npa6o Kanuopoeku do3uMempuyeckan nabopamopua:03wMeTpnuecka nabopaTopna,nony4MB山a9OTakkpennTyiou山eiopraHn3aunn oKyMeHT,nonTBepxnalownn ee KoMneTeHTHOCTb npoBO NTb HeobxoNMble
39、 onepaunn no kannopoBke wnn noBepkeA03NMeTpnueCKNX CNCTeM B COOTBeTCTBNN C Tpe6oBaHNAMN HopMaTNBHON oKyMeHTauNn akkpennTylowenopraHn3aunn.3.1.5 mopMo3Hoe u3nyyeHue:GneKTpoMarHNTHas pannayna c wNpoKNM cneKTpoM,n3nyuaeMa BTOM cnyae,Korna oonanalowne 3Heprnen 3apaxkeHHble yacTnubI nonBepraloTCA Bo3neNCTBNIO cwnbHoro3nekTpnyeckoro wnn MarHNTHorO nona,HanpnMep,BonM3n aToMHbIx anep.1)MMeeTca B MexAyHapoAHoM KoMnccnn no paAMaynoHHbIM eAMHnuaM M n3MepeHNAM,7910 Woodmont Ave.,Suite 800,Bethesda,MD 20814,U.S.A.3
