1、Designation:F 1656 01Standard Guide forHealth and Safety Training of Oil Spill Responders in theUnited States1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1656;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、 revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide establishes minimum health and safety train-ing standards for three types of oil spill responders:Type A,first resp
3、onders who are responsible for initial containment andcleanup;Type B,longer-term shoreline cleanup personnel;andType C,other necessary support personnel who have minimalcontact with the contamination.1.2 The oil covered by this guide includes light,medium,and heavy crudes,as well as hydrocarbon prod
4、ucts,such asgasoline,light fuel oil,distillates,and bunker(heavy fuel)oil.It is not aimed at specialty chemicals and other potentiallyhazardous materials,although some aspects of the trainingprogram would apply to those substances.1.3 A number of topics are not specifically addressed in thisguide be
5、cause they are covered by other standards or guide-lines.Examples are hot work practices,maintenance and repairof equipment,fire fighting,electrical hazards,emergencymedical care,disposal of wastes,and so forth.The user isexpected to become familiar with standards for these areas asrequired.1.4 This
6、 standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1U
7、.S.Federal Regulations:2Title 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.120Regulations for Hazardous Waste Operations and Emer-gency Response(HAZWOPER)Title 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.132,General Requirements for Hazard Assessment and Train-ingTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1
8、910.133,Eyeand Face ProtectionTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.134,Respiratory ProtectionTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.135,Head ProtectionTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.136,Foot ProtectionTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.138,Hand Protectio
9、nTitle 29,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),1910.146,Permit-Required Confined SpacesTitle 33,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),154,SubpartF,Response Plans for Oil FacilitiesTitle 33,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),155,SubpartD,Response PlansTitle 40,Code of Federal Regulations(CFR),300,NationalOil an
10、d Hazardous Substances Pollution ContingencyPlan(NCP)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 area contingency planprovides the initial govern-mental organization structure and mode of operation for thespill response.In the United States,it is prepared in advance bythe a
11、rea committee and applicable state and local responseofficials in accordance with 40 CFR 300,NCP.3.1.2 buddy systema requirement of 29 CFR 1910.120thatresponsepersonnelmustworkwithinsight/communication of a partner at all times.3.1.3 cold(support)zoneminimal exposure area main-tained as an uncontami
12、nated location for support functions.Food service,clean equipment storage,and financial offices areexamples of a cold zone.Operations in this area are generallycarried out by Type C personnel.3.1.4 confined spacean enclosed space or area,such as atank,compartment,or pit where ventilation or access,o
13、r both,may be limited(refer to 29 CFR 1910.146).3.1.5 hot(early response)zonean area where there arepotential exposure hazards.Type A workers are involved incontainment and recovery operations in this zone.Airborneconcentrations of hazardous substances may require respiratoryprotection in addition t
14、o other personal protective equipment.3.1.6 hyperthermiaan abnormally high body temperaturecaused by exposure to elevated temperatures or radiant heat,orboth.3.1.7 hypothermiaan abnormally low body temperature1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on HazardousSubstances and Oil
15、Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF20.21 on Initial Response Actions.Current edition approved Oct.10,2001.Published December 2001.Originallypublished as F 1656-95.Last previous edition F 1656-95.2Available from the Superintendent of Documents,U.S.Government PrintingOffic
16、e,Washington,DC 20402.1Copyright ASTM,100 Barr Harbor Drive,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.caused by exposure to cold air or water.3.1.8 on-scene coordinator(OSC)In the United States,the pre-designated official responsible for ensuring immediateand effective response to a discharge or threatened discharge ofoil or hazardous substance(40 CFR 300).The Coast Guarddesignates the OSCs for coastal zones and the EnvironmentalProtection Agency(EPA)designates OSCs for inland zones.3.1.9 pe
